Nehemiah Chapter 7 — Safeguarding the City and the Census

Nehemiah establishes security measures for Jerusalem and reviews a genealogical record of the exiles who returned from Babylon to repopulate the city.

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1Now when the wall was built and I had set up the doors, and the gatekeepers and the singers and the Levites were appointed,

2I put my brother Hanani, and Hananiah the governor of the fortress, in charge of Jerusalem; for he was a faithful man and feared God above many.

3I said to them, “Don’t let the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun is hot; and while they stand guard, let them shut the doors, and you bar them; and appoint watches of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, everyone in his watch, with everyone near his house.”

4Now the city was wide and large; but the people were few therein, and the houses were not built.

5My God put into my heart to gather together the nobles, and the rulers, and the people, that they might be listed by genealogy. I found the book of the genealogy of those who came up at the first, and I found this written in it:

6These are the children of the province who went up out of the captivity of those who had been carried away, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away, and who returned to Jerusalem and to Judah, everyone to his city,

7who came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Azariah, Raamiah, Nahamani, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispereth, Bigvai, Nehum, and Baanah.

8The children of Parosh: two thousand one hundred seventy-two.

9The children of Shephatiah: three hundred seventy-two.

10The children of Arah: six hundred fifty-two.

11The children of Pahathmoab, of the children of Jeshua and Joab: two thousand eight hundred eighteen.

12The children of Elam: one thousand two hundred fifty-four.

13The children of Zattu: eight hundred forty-five.

14The children of Zaccai: seven hundred sixty.

15The children of Binnui: six hundred forty-eight.

16The children of Bebai: six hundred twenty-eight.

17The children of Azgad: two thousand three hundred twenty-two.

18The children of Adonikam: six hundred sixty-seven.

19The children of Bigvai: two thousand sixty-seven.

20The children of Adin: six hundred fifty-five.

21The children of Ater: of Hezekiah, ninety-eight.

22The children of Hashum: three hundred twenty-eight.

23The children of Bezai: three hundred twenty-four.

24The children of Hariph: one hundred twelve.

25The children of Gibeon: ninety-five.

26The men of Bethlehem and Netophah: one hundred eighty-eight.

27The men of Anathoth: one hundred twenty-eight.

28The men of Beth Azmaveth: forty-two.

29The men of Kiriath Jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth: seven hundred forty-three.

30The men of Ramah and Geba: six hundred twenty-one.

31The men of Michmas: one hundred twenty-two.

32The men of Bethel and Ai: one hundred twenty-three.

33The men of the other Nebo: fifty-two.

34The children of the other Elam: one thousand two hundred fifty-four.

35The children of Harim: three hundred twenty.

36The children of Jericho: three hundred forty-five.

37The children of Lod, Hadid, and Ono: seven hundred twenty-one.

38The children of Senaah: three thousand nine hundred thirty.

39The priests: The children of Jedaiah, of the house of Jeshua: nine hundred seventy-three.

40The children of Immer: one thousand fifty-two.

41The children of Pashhur: one thousand two hundred forty-seven.

42The children of Harim: one thousand seventeen.

43The Levites: the children of Jeshua, of Kadmiel, of the children of Hodevah: seventy-four.

44The singers: the children of Asaph: one hundred forty-eight.

45The gatekeepers: the children of Shallum, the children of Ater, the children of Talmon, the children of Akkub, the children of Hatita, the children of Shobai: one hundred thirty-eight.

46The temple servants: the children of Ziha, the children of Hasupha, the children of Tabbaoth,

47the children of Keros, the children of Sia, the children of Padon,

48the children of Lebana, the children of Hagaba, the children of Salmai,

49the children of Hanan, the children of Giddel, the children of Gahar,

50the children of Reaiah, the children of Rezin, the children of Nekoda,

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

Nehemiah 7:2

I put my brother Hanani, and Hananiah the governor of the fortress, in charge of Jerusalem; for he was a faithful man and feared God above many.

This verse highlights the primary qualifications Nehemiah sought in leaders: faithfulness and a deep reverence for God.

Nehemiah 7:4

Now the city was wide and large; but the people were few therein, and the houses were not built.

This explains the logistical challenge Nehemiah faced: having a fortified perimeter but lacking a sufficient population to maintain it.

Nehemiah 7:64

These searched for their genealogical records, but couldn’t find them. Therefore they were deemed disqualified and removed from the priesthood.

It emphasizes the strict requirement for ancestral verification to serve in sacred roles within the community.

Chapter Summary

Nehemiah 7 begins with the completion of Jerusalem's wall and the installation of the gates. Nehemiah appoints his brother Hanani and the governor Hananiah—noted for his faithfulness and fear of God—to oversee the city's security. They implement strict protocols for opening and closing the gates to protect the inhabitants. Because the city is large but its population is sparse, Nehemiah is led by God to gather the nobles and the people for a census. He discovers a historical record of those who first returned from exile under Zerubbabel. The chapter provides an extensive list of families, priests, Levites, temple servants, and the livestock they brought back. It also documents individuals who were disqualified from the priesthood because they could not prove their lineage. The record concludes with the total count of the assembly and the generous financial contributions made by the governor and heads of households toward the work of the temple.

Frequently Asked Questions

Nehemiah appointed his brother Hanani and a man named Hananiah, the governor of the fortress. Nehemiah chose Hananiah because he was exceptionally faithful and feared God more than most men.

Nehemiah ordered that the gates should not be opened until the sun was hot and should be shut and barred while guards were still on duty. He also instructed that the inhabitants of Jerusalem serve as guards, with some stationed at specific posts and others near their own homes.

The record was used to identify the families who returned from the Babylonian captivity. It helped establish legal residency, verified who was eligible for the priesthood, and assisted in Nehemiah's plan to repopulate the large, under-occupied city.

According to the text, those who could not find their names in the genealogical records were considered 'polluted' or disqualified. Specifically, priests who lacked records were barred from the priesthood and from eating the most holy offerings until a priest could consult the Urim and Thummim.

Study Note

The census in Nehemiah 7 serves as a formal re-establishment of the national identity of Israel following the Babylonian exile, ensuring that the community was built on a verified historical and spiritual foundation.

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