Matthew Chapter 21 — The Triumphal Entry and Temple Teachings

Jesus enters Jerusalem as a king, cleanses the temple of merchants, and uses parables to challenge the authority of the religious leaders.

AuthorityProphecyFaithRejectionThe Temple

1When they came near to Jerusalem and came to Bethsphage,*TR & NU read “Bethphage” instead of “Bethsphage” to the Mount of Olives, then Jesus sent two disciples,

2saying to them, “Go into the village that is opposite you, and immediately you will find a donkey tied, and a colt with her. Untie them and bring them to me.

3If anyone says anything to you, you shall say, ‘The Lord needs them,’ and immediately he will send them.”

4All this was done that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophet, saying,

5“Tell the daughter of Zion,

6The disciples went and did just as Jesus commanded them,

7and brought the donkey and the colt and laid their clothes on them; and he sat on them.

8A very great multitude spread their clothes on the road. Others cut branches from the trees and spread them on the road.

9The multitudes who went in front of him, and those who followed, kept shouting, “Hosanna†“Hosanna” means “save us” or “help us, we pray”. to the son of David! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest!” ✡Psalms 118:26

10When he had come into Jerusalem, all the city was stirred up, saying, “Who is this?”

11The multitudes said, “This is the prophet, Jesus, from Nazareth of Galilee.”

12Jesus entered into the temple of God and drove out all of those who sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the money changers’ tables and the seats of those who sold the doves.

13He said to them, “It is written, ‘My house shall be called a house of prayer,’✡Isaiah 56:7 but you have made it a den of robbers!”✡Jeremiah 7:11

14The lame and the blind came to him in the temple, and he healed them.

15But when the chief priests and the scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children who were crying in the temple and saying, “Hosanna to the son of David!” they were indignant,

16and said to him, “Do you hear what these are saying?”

17He left them and went out of the city to Bethany, and camped there.

18Now in the morning, as he returned to the city, he was hungry.

19Seeing a fig tree by the road, he came to it and found nothing on it but leaves. He said to it, “Let there be no fruit from you forever!”

20When the disciples saw it, they marveled, saying, “How did the fig tree immediately wither away?”

21Jesus answered them, “Most certainly I tell you, if you have faith and don’t doubt, you will not only do what was done to the fig tree, but even if you told this mountain, ‘Be taken up and cast into the sea,’ it would be done.

22All things, whatever you ask in prayer, believing, you will receive.”

23When he had come into the temple, the chief priests and the elders of the people came to him as he was teaching, and said, “By what authority do you do these things? Who gave you this authority?”

24Jesus answered them, “I also will ask you one question, which if you tell me, I likewise will tell you by what authority I do these things.

25The baptism of John, where was it from? From heaven or from men?”

26But if we say, ‘From men,’ we fear the multitude, for all hold John as a prophet.”

27They answered Jesus, and said, “We don’t know.”

28But what do you think? A man had two sons, and he came to the first, and said, ‘Son, go work today in my vineyard.’

29He answered, ‘I will not,’ but afterward he changed his mind, and went.

30He came to the second, and said the same thing. He answered, ‘I’m going, sir,’ but he didn’t go.

31Which of the two did the will of his father?”

32For John came to you in the way of righteousness, and you didn’t believe him; but the tax collectors and the prostitutes believed him. When you saw it, you didn’t even repent afterward, that you might believe him.

33“Hear another parable. There was a man who was a master of a household who planted a vineyard, set a hedge about it, dug a wine press in it, built a tower, leased it out to farmers, and went into another country.

34When the season for the fruit came near, he sent his servants to the farmers to receive his fruit.

35The farmers took his servants, beat one, killed another, and stoned another.

36Again, he sent other servants more than the first; and they treated them the same way.

37But afterward he sent to them his son, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’

38But the farmers, when they saw the son, said among themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him and seize his inheritance.’

39So they took him and threw him out of the vineyard, then killed him.

40When therefore the lord of the vineyard comes, what will he do to those farmers?”

41They told him, “He will miserably destroy those miserable men, and will lease out the vineyard to other farmers who will give him the fruit in its season.”

42Jesus said to them, “Did you never read in the Scriptures,

43“Therefore I tell you, God’s Kingdom will be taken away from you and will be given to a nation producing its fruit.

44He who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces, but on whomever it will fall, it will scatter him as dust.”

45When the chief priests and the Pharisees heard his parables, they perceived that he spoke about them.

46When they sought to seize him, they feared the multitudes, because they considered him to be a prophet.

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

Matthew 21:9

The multitudes who went in front of him, and those who followed, kept shouting, “Hosanna to the son of David! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest!”

This verse captures the public recognition of Jesus as the Messiah during his entry into Jerusalem.

Matthew 21:13

He said to them, “It is written, ‘My house shall be called a house of prayer,’ but you have made it a den of robbers!”

Jesus quotes the prophets Isaiah and Jeremiah to explain his actions in cleansing the temple.

Matthew 21:22

All things, whatever you ask in prayer, believing, you will receive.

Jesus emphasizes the power of prayer and faith to his disciples after the withering of the fig tree.

Chapter Summary

Matthew 21 recounts the final entry of Jesus into Jerusalem, riding a donkey to fulfill prophecy as crowds shout "Hosanna." Upon arrival, Jesus enters the temple and drives out those buying and selling, declaring it a house of prayer rather than a den of robbers. He performs healings and is praised by children, much to the indignation of the chief priests. The following day, Jesus curses a barren fig tree as a lesson on faith and prayer. Returning to the temple, he is questioned regarding his authority. In response, he presents the parables of the two sons and the wicked tenants, illustrating how the religious leaders have rejected God's messengers. The chapter concludes with the leaders recognizing that these parables were directed at them, though they fear the crowds who view Jesus as a prophet.

Frequently Asked Questions

According to the text's footnotes, the word 'Hosanna' is an expression that means 'save us' or 'help us, we pray.' It was used by the crowds to welcome Jesus as the descendant of King David.

Jesus drove them out because they were using the temple grounds for commerce and profit. He stated that the temple was intended to be a 'house of prayer,' but they had turned it into a 'den of robbers.'

When the disciples saw the tree wither, Jesus taught them about the importance of faith without doubt. He explained that through prayer and belief, they would have the power to accomplish great things.

Jesus uses the parable to show that those who initially refuse but later repent and obey (like tax collectors and prostitutes) are more righteous than those who claim to be obedient but do not follow through.

Study Note

The 'Daughter of Zion' mentioned in verse 5 is a poetic personification of Jerusalem used frequently by Old Testament prophets.

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