Jeremiah Chapter 11 — The Broken Covenant
God warns the people of Judah for breaking His covenant and turning to other gods. The chapter also reveals a conspiracy against Jeremiah by the men of his hometown.
1The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD, saying,
2“Hear the words of this covenant, and speak to the men of Judah, and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem;
3and say to them, the LORD, the God of Israel says: ‘Cursed is the man who doesn’t hear the words of this covenant,
4which I commanded your fathers in the day that I brought them out of the land of Egypt, out of the iron furnace,’ saying, ‘Obey my voice and do them, according to all which I command you; so you shall be my people, and I will be your God;
5that I may establish the oath which I swore to your fathers, to give them a land flowing with milk and honey,’ as it is today.”
6The LORD said to me, “Proclaim all these words in the cities of Judah, and in the streets of Jerusalem, saying, ‘Hear the words of this covenant, and do them.
7For I earnestly protested to your fathers in the day that I brought them up out of the land of Egypt, even to this day, rising early and protesting, saying, “Obey my voice.”
8Yet they didn’t obey, nor turn their ear, but everyone walked in the stubbornness of their evil heart. Therefore I brought on them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded them to do, but they didn’t do them.’ ”
9The LORD said to me, “A conspiracy is found among the men of Judah, and among the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
10They have turned back to the iniquities of their forefathers, who refused to hear my words. They have gone after other gods to serve them. The house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken my covenant which I made with their fathers.
11Therefore the LORD says, ‘Behold, I will bring evil on them which they will not be able to escape; and they will cry to me, but I will not listen to them.
12Then the cities of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem will go and cry to the gods to which they offer incense, but they will not save them at all in the time of their trouble.
13For according to the number of your cities are your gods, Judah; and according to the number of the streets of Jerusalem you have set up altars to the shameful thing, even altars to burn incense to Baal.’
14“Therefore don’t pray for this people. Don’t lift up cry or prayer for them; for I will not hear them in the time that they cry to me because of their trouble.
15What has my beloved to do in my house,
16The LORD called your name, “A green olive tree,
17For the LORD of Armies, who planted you, has pronounced evil against you, because of the evil of the house of Israel and of the house of Judah, which they have done to themselves in provoking me to anger by offering incense to Baal.
18The LORD gave me knowledge of it, and I knew it. Then you showed me their doings.
19But I was like a gentle lamb that is led to the slaughter. I didn’t know that they had devised plans against me, saying,
20But, LORD of Armies, who judges righteously,
21“Therefore the LORD says concerning the men of Anathoth, who seek your life, saying, ‘You shall not prophesy in the LORD’s name, that you not die by our hand’—
22therefore the LORD of Armies says, ‘Behold, I will punish them. The young men will die by the sword. Their sons and their daughters will die by famine.
23There will be no remnant to them, for I will bring evil on the men of Anathoth, even the year of their visitation.’ ”
WEB Translation
Notable Verses
Jeremiah 11:4
“Obey my voice and do them, according to all which I command you; so you shall be my people, and I will be your God;”
This verse reiterates the fundamental condition of the covenant between God and Israel established during the Exodus.
Jeremiah 11:11
“Therefore the LORD says, ‘Behold, I will bring evil on them which they will not be able to escape; and they will cry to me, but I will not listen to them.’”
This passage highlights the severity of the consequences for breaking the covenant and the withdrawal of divine favor.
Jeremiah 11:19
“But I was like a gentle lamb that is led to the slaughter. I didn’t know that they had devised plans against me...”
Jeremiah uses this poignant metaphor to describe his vulnerability and the unexpected betrayal by those close to him.
Chapter Summary
Jeremiah 11 begins with God instructing Jeremiah to proclaim the words of the covenant to the people of Judah and Jerusalem. God reminds them of the promise made during the Exodus from Egypt, emphasizing that obedience was the foundation of their relationship. However, the Lord reveals that the people have conspired to turn back to the sins of their ancestors, breaking the covenant and worshiping idols like Baal. Because of this widespread disobedience, God announces that disaster is coming, and He will not listen to their cries for help. The chapter takes a personal turn as God reveals to Jeremiah a plot against his life by the men of Anathoth, his own kin. Jeremiah, compared to a gentle lamb led to slaughter, calls upon God for justice. The chapter concludes with God promising to punish the men of Anathoth with sword and famine for their attempt to silence the prophet.
Frequently Asked Questions
The 'iron furnace' is a metaphorical reference to Egypt, describing the intense suffering and slavery the Israelites endured before God brought them out during the Exodus.
God commanded Jeremiah to stop interceding because the people's rebellion and idolatry were so persistent that judgment had become inevitable. Their eventual cries for help in times of trouble would be considered insincere.
Anathoth was Jeremiah’s hometown, and its men were the ones who conspired to kill him. They threatened Jeremiah’s life to stop him from prophesying in the name of the Lord.
God describes Israel as a once-beautiful and productive green olive tree that has now been set on fire and ruined because of their evil actions and idolatry.
Study Note
The reference to the 'iron furnace' in verse 4 is a historical allusion also found in Deuteronomy 4:20 and 1 Kings 8:51, linking Jeremiah's message to the Pentateuch.
Related Chapters
Continue in the App
Get the full experience — immersive audio, instant explanations, highlights, notes, and reading plans.