Genesis Chapter 29 — Jacob, Leah, and Rachel
Jacob arrives in Haran, meets his cousin Rachel at a well, and agrees to work for her father Laban for seven years, only to be deceived into marrying her older sister Leah first.
1Then Jacob went on his journey, and came to the land of the children of the east.
2He looked, and saw a well in the field, and saw three flocks of sheep lying there by it. For out of that well they watered the flocks. The stone on the well’s mouth was large.
3There all the flocks were gathered. They rolled the stone from the well’s mouth, and watered the sheep, and put the stone back on the well’s mouth in its place.
4Jacob said to them, “My relatives, where are you from?”
5He said to them, “Do you know Laban, the son of Nahor?”
6He said to them, “Is it well with him?”
7He said, “Behold, it is still the middle of the day, not time to gather the livestock together. Water the sheep, and go and feed them.”
8They said, “We can’t, until all the flocks are gathered together, and they roll the stone from the well’s mouth. Then we will water the sheep.”
9While he was yet speaking with them, Rachel came with her father’s sheep, for she kept them.
10When Jacob saw Rachel the daughter of Laban, his mother’s brother, and the sheep of Laban, his mother’s brother, Jacob went near, and rolled the stone from the well’s mouth, and watered the flock of Laban his mother’s brother.
11Jacob kissed Rachel, and lifted up his voice, and wept.
12Jacob told Rachel that he was her father’s relative, and that he was Rebekah’s son. She ran and told her father.
13When Laban heard the news of Jacob, his sister’s son, he ran to meet Jacob, and embraced him, and kissed him, and brought him to his house. Jacob told Laban all these things.
14Laban said to him, “Surely you are my bone and my flesh.” Jacob stayed with him for a month.
15Laban said to Jacob, “Because you are my relative, should you therefore serve me for nothing? Tell me, what will your wages be?”
16Laban had two daughters. The name of the elder was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel.
17Leah’s eyes were weak, but Rachel was beautiful in form and attractive.
18Jacob loved Rachel. He said, “I will serve you seven years for Rachel, your younger daughter.”
19Laban said, “It is better that I give her to you, than that I should give her to another man. Stay with me.”
20Jacob served seven years for Rachel. They seemed to him but a few days, for the love he had for her.
21Jacob said to Laban, “Give me my wife, for my days are fulfilled, that I may go in to her.”
22Laban gathered together all the men of the place, and made a feast.
23In the evening, he took Leah his daughter, and brought her to Jacob. He went in to her.
24Laban gave Zilpah his servant to his daughter Leah for a servant.
25In the morning, behold, it was Leah! He said to Laban, “What is this you have done to me? Didn’t I serve with you for Rachel? Why then have you deceived me?”
26Laban said, “It is not done so in our place, to give the younger before the firstborn.
27Fulfill the week of this one, and we will give you the other also for the service which you will serve with me for seven more years.”
28Jacob did so, and fulfilled her week. He gave him Rachel his daughter as wife.
29Laban gave Bilhah, his servant, to his daughter Rachel to be her servant.
30He went in also to Rachel, and he loved also Rachel more than Leah, and served with him seven more years.
31The LORD saw that Leah was hated, and he opened her womb, but Rachel was barren.
32Leah conceived, and bore a son, and she named him Reuben. For she said, “Because the LORD has looked at my affliction; for now my husband will love me.”
33She conceived again, and bore a son, and said, “Because the LORD has heard that I am hated, he has therefore given me this son also.” She named him Simeon.
34She conceived again, and bore a son. She said, “Now this time my husband will be joined to me, because I have borne him three sons.” Therefore his name was called Levi.
35She conceived again, and bore a son. She said, “This time I will praise the LORD.” Therefore she named him Judah. Then she stopped bearing.
WEB Translation
Notable Verses
Genesis 29:20
“Jacob served seven years for Rachel. They seemed to him but a few days, for the love he had for her.”
This verse is a famous illustration of Jacob's devotion and the depth of his affection for Rachel.
Genesis 29:25
“In the morning, behold, it was Leah! He said to Laban, “What is this you have done to me? Didn’t I serve with you for Rachel? Why then have you deceived me?””
This marks a ironic turning point where Jacob, who previously deceived his father and brother, is himself deceived by his relative.
Genesis 29:35
“She conceived again, and bore a son. She said, “This time I will praise the LORD.” Therefore she named him Judah. Then she stopped bearing.”
This records the birth of Judah, the ancestor of the tribe from which the Davidic kings and the Messiah would descend.
Chapter Summary
Jacob continues his journey and arrives in the land of the people of the east. At a well, he meets Rachel, the daughter of his uncle Laban, and assists her by rolling away the heavy stone from the well's mouth. After staying with Laban for a month, Jacob agrees to serve him for seven years to earn the right to marry Rachel. However, on the wedding night, Laban deceives Jacob by substituting his older daughter, Leah, for Rachel. Laban defends his actions by citing the local custom of marrying the firstborn daughter before the younger. Jacob agrees to complete the wedding week with Leah and then serve another seven years for Rachel. He marries Rachel a week later. The chapter concludes with Leah bearing four sons—Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah—as she seeks the affection of her husband while Rachel remains childless.
Frequently Asked Questions
Laban explained that in his region, it was not the custom to give the younger daughter in marriage before the firstborn. This act also allowed Laban to secure an additional seven years of labor from Jacob.
Jacob worked a total of fourteen years. He served the first seven years before marrying Leah and Rachel, and then an additional seven years to fulfill the agreement for Rachel.
Leah bore Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah. Each name reflected her feelings about her relationship with Jacob and her reliance on God during her time of affliction.
The well serves as a providential meeting place, echoing the earlier story of Abraham’s servant finding Rebekah. It is where Jacob first demonstrates his strength and meets his future family.
Study Note
The Hebrew names of Leah's sons are based on wordplay: Reuben relates to 'seeing,' Simeon to 'hearing,' Levi to 'attachment,' and Judah to 'praise.'
Related Chapters
Genesis 24
This chapter also features a providential meeting at a well involving Jacob's mother, Rebekah.
Genesis 27
The deception Jacob experiences here parallels the deception he used to obtain his brother's blessing.
Matthew 1
The genealogy of Jesus is traced through the line of Judah, whose birth is recorded at the end of this chapter.
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