Genesis Chapter 26 — Isaac and the Covenant Promises
Isaac settles in Gerar during a famine, receives a renewed promise from God, and eventually makes peace with the Philistines after disputes over wells.
1There was a famine in the land, in addition to the first famine that was in the days of Abraham. Isaac went to Abimelech king of the Philistines, to Gerar.
2The LORD appeared to him, and said, “Don’t go down into Egypt. Live in the land I will tell you about.
3Live in this land, and I will be with you, and will bless you. For I will give to you, and to your offspring, all these lands, and I will establish the oath which I swore to Abraham your father.
4I will multiply your offspring as the stars of the sky, and will give all these lands to your offspring. In your offspring all the nations of the earth will be blessed,
5because Abraham obeyed my voice, and kept my requirements, my commandments, my statutes, and my laws.”
6Isaac lived in Gerar.
7The men of the place asked him about his wife. He said, “She is my sister,” for he was afraid to say, “My wife”, lest, he thought, “the men of the place might kill me for Rebekah, because she is beautiful to look at.”
8When he had been there a long time, Abimelech king of the Philistines looked out at a window, and saw, and, behold, Isaac was caressing Rebekah, his wife.
9Abimelech called Isaac, and said, “Behold, surely she is your wife. Why did you say, ‘She is my sister’?”
10Abimelech said, “What is this you have done to us? One of the people might easily have lain with your wife, and you would have brought guilt on us!”
11Abimelech commanded all the people, saying, “He who touches this man or his wife will surely be put to death.”
12Isaac sowed in that land, and reaped in the same year one hundred times what he planted. The LORD blessed him.
13The man grew great, and grew more and more until he became very great.
14He had possessions of flocks, possessions of herds, and a great household. The Philistines envied him.
15Now all the wells which his father’s servants had dug in the days of Abraham his father, the Philistines had stopped, and filled with earth.
16Abimelech said to Isaac, “Go away from us, for you are much mightier than we.”
17Isaac departed from there, encamped in the valley of Gerar, and lived there.
18Isaac dug again the wells of water, which they had dug in the days of Abraham his father, for the Philistines had stopped them after the death of Abraham. He called their names after the names by which his father had called them.
19Isaac’s servants dug in the valley, and found there a well of flowing*Or, living. Or, fresh. water.
20The herdsmen of Gerar argued with Isaac’s herdsmen, saying, “The water is ours.” So he called the name of the well Esek,†“Esek” means “contention”. because they contended with him.
21They dug another well, and they argued over that, also. So he called its name Sitnah.‡“Sitnah” means “hostility”.
22He left that place, and dug another well. They didn’t argue over that one. So he called it Rehoboth.§“Rehoboth” means “broad places”. He said, “For now the LORD has made room for us, and we will be fruitful in the land.”
23He went up from there to Beersheba.
24The LORD appeared to him the same night, and said, “I am the God of Abraham your father. Don’t be afraid, for I am with you, and will bless you, and multiply your offspring for my servant Abraham’s sake.”
25He built an altar there, and called on the LORD’s name, and pitched his tent there. There Isaac’s servants dug a well.
26Then Abimelech went to him from Gerar with Ahuzzath his friend, and Phicol the captain of his army.
27Isaac said to them, “Why have you come to me, since you hate me, and have sent me away from you?”
28They said, “We saw plainly that the LORD was with you. We said, ‘Let there now be an oath between us, even between us and you, and let’s make a covenant with you,
29that you will do us no harm, as we have not touched you, and as we have done to you nothing but good, and have sent you away in peace.’ You are now the blessed of the LORD.”
30He made them a feast, and they ate and drank.
31They rose up some time in the morning, and swore an oath to one another. Isaac sent them away, and they departed from him in peace.
32The same day, Isaac’s servants came, and told him concerning the well which they had dug, and said to him, “We have found water.”
33He called it “Shibah”.*Shibah means “oath” or “seven”. Therefore the name of the city is “Beersheba”†Beersheba means “well of the oath” or “well of the seven” to this day.
34When Esau was forty years old, he took as wife Judith, the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Basemath, the daughter of Elon the Hittite.
35They grieved Isaac’s and Rebekah’s spirits.
WEB Translation
Notable Verses
Genesis 26:4
“I will multiply your offspring as the stars of the sky, and will give all these lands to your offspring. In your offspring all the nations of the earth will be blessed,”
This verse represents the formal transfer and renewal of the Abrahamic covenant specifically to Isaac.
Genesis 26:12
“Isaac sowed in that land, and reaped in the same year one hundred times what he planted. The LORD blessed him.”
This demonstrates God's immediate and tangible provision for Isaac even during a time of regional famine.
Genesis 26:22
“He left that place, and dug another well. They didn’t argue over that one. So he called it Rehoboth. He said, 'For now the LORD has made room for us, and we will be fruitful in the land.'”
The naming of Rehoboth signifies the end of conflict and Isaac's recognition of God's hand in providing peace.
Chapter Summary
Genesis 26 follows Isaac during a time of famine. Instead of going to Egypt, Isaac obeys God's command to stay in the land of Gerar, where God renews the covenant previously made with Abraham. While living among the Philistines, Isaac claims his wife Rebekah is his sister to protect himself, a deception eventually discovered by King Abimelech. Despite this, Isaac prospers greatly, harvesting a hundredfold and accumulating vast herds. This success leads to envy, and the Philistines stop up the wells dug by Abraham. Isaac moves through the valley, digging new wells named Esek and Sitnah amidst local contention, until he finds peace at Rehoboth. Eventually, Isaac returns to Beersheba, where God appears to him again to reaffirm His blessing. The chapter concludes with Abimelech seeking a formal peace treaty with Isaac, acknowledging that God is clearly with him, and a brief mention of Esau's marriages to Hittite women which cause his parents great distress.
Frequently Asked Questions
God instructed Isaac to stay in the land He would show him to test his obedience and to ensure the covenant promises were established within the specific geographic territory promised to his descendants.
Rehoboth means 'broad places' or 'room.' Isaac gave the well this name because the Philistines stopped arguing over the water rights, allowing his household to finally settle in peace.
Abimelech looked out a window and saw Isaac caressing Rebekah in a manner that indicated they were husband and wife rather than siblings.
Study Note
The naming and reclaiming of his father's wells serves as a literary device to show Isaac's role in maintaining and securing the inheritance of Abraham.
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