2 Kings Chapter 21 — The Wickedness of Manasseh and Amon
King Manasseh leads Judah into extreme idolatry and wickedness, resulting in a divine prophecy of Jerusalem's destruction before his son Amon briefly succeeds him.
1Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign, and he reigned fifty-five years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Hephzibah.
2He did that which was evil in the LORD’s sight, after the abominations of the nations whom the LORD cast out before the children of Israel.
3For he built again the high places which Hezekiah his father had destroyed; and he raised up altars for Baal, and made an Asherah, as Ahab king of Israel did, and worshiped all the army of the sky, and served them.
4He built altars in the LORD’s house, of which the LORD said, “I will put my name in Jerusalem.”
5He built altars for all the army of the sky in the two courts of the LORD’s house.
6He made his son to pass through the fire, practiced sorcery, used enchantments, and dealt with those who had familiar spirits and with wizards. He did much evil in the LORD’s sight, to provoke him to anger.
7He set the engraved image of Asherah that he had made in the house of which the LORD said to David and to Solomon his son, “In this house, and in Jerusalem, which I have chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, I will put my name forever;
8I will not cause the feet of Israel to wander any more out of the land which I gave their fathers, if only they will observe to do according to all that I have commanded them, and according to all the law that my servant Moses commanded them.”
9But they didn’t listen, and Manasseh seduced them to do that which is evil more than the nations did whom the LORD destroyed before the children of Israel.
10The LORD spoke by his servants the prophets, saying,
11“Because Manasseh king of Judah has done these abominations, and has done wickedly above all that the Amorites did, who were before him, and has also made Judah to sin with his idols;
12therefore the LORD the God of Israel says, ‘Behold, I will bring such evil on Jerusalem and Judah that whoever hears of it, both his ears will tingle.
13I will stretch over Jerusalem the line of Samaria, and the plumb line of Ahab’s house; and I will wipe Jerusalem as a man wipes a dish, wiping it and turning it upside down.
14I will cast off the remnant of my inheritance and deliver them into the hands of their enemies. They will become a prey and a plunder to all their enemies,
15because they have done that which is evil in my sight, and have provoked me to anger since the day their fathers came out of Egypt, even to this day.’ ”
16Moreover Manasseh shed innocent blood very much, until he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another; in addition to his sin with which he made Judah to sin, in doing that which was evil in the LORD’s sight.
17Now the rest of the acts of Manasseh, and all that he did, and his sin that he sinned, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?
18Manasseh slept with his fathers, and was buried in the garden of his own house, in the garden of Uzza; and Amon his son reigned in his place.
19Amon was twenty-two years old when he began to reign; and he reigned two years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Meshullemeth the daughter of Haruz of Jotbah.
20He did that which was evil in the LORD’s sight, as Manasseh his father did.
21He walked in all the ways that his father walked in, and served the idols that his father served, and worshiped them;
22and he abandoned the LORD, the God of his fathers, and didn’t walk in the way of the LORD.
23The servants of Amon conspired against him, and put the king to death in his own house.
24But the people of the land killed all those who had conspired against King Amon; and the people of the land made Josiah his son king in his place.
25Now the rest of the acts of Amon which he did, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?
26He was buried in his tomb in the garden of Uzza, and Josiah his son reigned in his place.
WEB Translation
Notable Verses
2 Kings 21:9
“But they didn’t listen, and Manasseh seduced them to do that which is evil more than the nations did whom the LORD destroyed before the children of Israel.”
This verse highlights the depth of Judah's spiritual decline under Manasseh's leadership compared to previous inhabitants of the land.
2 Kings 21:13
“I will stretch over Jerusalem the line of Samaria, and the plumb line of Ahab’s house; and I will wipe Jerusalem as a man wipes a dish, wiping it and turning it upside down.”
This vivid metaphor describes the complete and inevitable judgment coming upon Jerusalem for its sins.
Chapter Summary
2 Kings 21 chronicles the reigns of Manasseh and his son Amon in Judah. Manasseh begins his record-breaking 55-year reign at age twelve, reversing the reforms of his father Hezekiah. He builds altars for Baal, practices sorcery, sacrifices his son, and places idols within the Temple. The text notes that Manasseh’s actions were more evil than the nations God had previously driven out of Canaan. In response, prophets announce that God will bring such a disaster upon Jerusalem that it will be 'wiped like a dish.' Manasseh also sheds significant innocent blood throughout the city. After his death, Amon reigns for two years, continuing his father’s idolatrous practices. Amon is eventually assassinated by his own officials, but the people of the land execute the conspirators and install his young son, Josiah, as the next king.
Frequently Asked Questions
Manasseh was the son of Hezekiah and became king of Judah at age twelve. He reigned for fifty-five years in Jerusalem, which is the longest reign of any king recorded in the Bible for Judah or Israel.
Manasseh rebuilt pagan high places, established altars for Baal, practiced sorcery, and sacrificed his son in fire. He also placed an Asherah pole in the Temple and shed significant innocent blood throughout the city of Jerusalem.
The Lord announced through prophets that Jerusalem would be destroyed and its people delivered to their enemies. The judgment was described as wiping the city clean like a dish and turning it upside down because of the people's persistent disobedience.
Amon reigned for only two years and followed the idolatrous ways of his father. He was killed in his own house by a conspiracy of his servants, though the people of the land later executed his assassins and made his son Josiah king.
Study Note
The reference to the 'line of Samaria' in verse 13 indicates that Jerusalem would face the same level of total destruction that had already befallen the northern kingdom of Israel.
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