1 Kings Chapter 15 — The Reigns of Judah and Israel

This chapter describes the reigns of Abijam and Asa in Judah, including Asa's religious reforms, and the rise of Baasha in Israel after he destroys Jeroboam's line.

Covenant FaithfulnessIdolatryProphetic FulfillmentReligious Reform

1Now in the eighteenth year of King Jeroboam the son of Nebat, Abijam began to reign over Judah.

2He reigned three years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Maacah the daughter of Abishalom.

3He walked in all the sins of his father, which he had done before him; and his heart was not perfect with the LORD his God, as the heart of David his father.

4Nevertheless for David’s sake, the LORD his God gave him a lamp in Jerusalem, to set up his son after him and to establish Jerusalem;

5because David did that which was right in the LORD’s eyes, and didn’t turn away from anything that he commanded him all the days of his life, except only in the matter of Uriah the Hittite.

6Now there was war between Rehoboam and Jeroboam all the days of his life.

7The rest of the acts of Abijam, and all that he did, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah? There was war between Abijam and Jeroboam.

8Abijam slept with his fathers, and they buried him in David’s city; and Asa his son reigned in his place.

9In the twentieth year of Jeroboam king of Israel, Asa began to reign over Judah.

10He reigned forty-one years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Maacah the daughter of Abishalom.

11Asa did that which was right in the LORD’s eyes, as David his father did.

12He put away the sodomites out of the land, and removed all the idols that his fathers had made.

13He also removed Maacah his mother from being queen, because she had made an abominable image for an Asherah. Asa cut down her image and burned it at the brook Kidron.

14But the high places were not taken away. Nevertheless the heart of Asa was perfect with the LORD all his days.

15He brought into the LORD’s house the things that his father had dedicated, and the things that he himself had dedicated: silver, gold, and utensils.

16There was war between Asa and Baasha king of Israel all their days.

17Baasha king of Israel went up against Judah, and built Ramah, that he might not allow anyone to go out or come in to Asa king of Judah.

18Then Asa took all the silver and the gold that was left in the treasures of the LORD’s house, and the treasures of the king’s house, and delivered it into the hand of his servants. Then King Asa sent them to Ben Hadad, the son of Tabrimmon, the son of Hezion, king of Syria, who lived at Damascus, saying,

19“Let there be a treaty between me and you, like that between my father and your father. Behold, I have sent to you a present of silver and gold. Go, break your treaty with Baasha king of Israel, that he may depart from me.”

20Ben Hadad listened to King Asa, and sent the captains of his armies against the cities of Israel, and struck Ijon, and Dan, and Abel Beth Maacah, and all Chinneroth, with all the land of Naphtali.

21When Baasha heard of it, he stopped building Ramah, and lived in Tirzah.

22Then King Asa made a proclamation to all Judah. No one was exempted. They carried away the stones of Ramah, and its timber, with which Baasha had built; and King Asa used it to build Geba of Benjamin, and Mizpah.

23Now the rest of all the acts of Asa, and all his might, and all that he did, and the cities which he built, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah? But in the time of his old age he was diseased in his feet.

24Asa slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in his father David’s city; and Jehoshaphat his son reigned in his place.

25Nadab the son of Jeroboam began to reign over Israel in the second year of Asa king of Judah; and he reigned over Israel two years.

26He did that which was evil in the LORD’s sight, and walked in the way of his father, and in his sin with which he made Israel to sin.

27Baasha the son of Ahijah, of the house of Issachar, conspired against him; and Baasha struck him at Gibbethon, which belonged to the Philistines; for Nadab and all Israel were besieging Gibbethon.

28Even in the third year of Asa king of Judah, Baasha killed him and reigned in his place.

29As soon as he was king, he struck all the house of Jeroboam. He didn’t leave to Jeroboam any who breathed, until he had destroyed him, according to the saying of the LORD, which he spoke by his servant Ahijah the Shilonite;

30for the sins of Jeroboam which he sinned, and with which he made Israel to sin, because of his provocation with which he provoked the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger.

31Now the rest of the acts of Nadab, and all that he did, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

32There was war between Asa and Baasha king of Israel all their days.

33In the third year of Asa king of Judah, Baasha the son of Ahijah began to reign over all Israel in Tirzah for twenty-four years.

34He did that which was evil in the LORD’s sight, and walked in the way of Jeroboam, and in his sin with which he made Israel to sin.

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

1 Kings 15:4

Nevertheless for David’s sake, the LORD his God gave him a lamp in Jerusalem, to set up his son after him and to establish Jerusalem;

This verse emphasizes God's continued faithfulness to the Davidic covenant despite the failures of David's descendants.

1 Kings 15:11

Asa did that which was right in the LORD’s eyes, as David his father did.

It identifies Asa as one of the few kings of Judah who returned to the standard of faithfulness set by King David.

1 Kings 15:29

As soon as he was king, he struck all the house of Jeroboam. He didn’t leave to Jeroboam any who breathed, until he had destroyed him, according to the saying of the LORD...

This marks the violent fulfillment of God's judgment against the first dynasty of the northern kingdom.

Chapter Summary

1 Kings 15 details the succession of kings in both Judah and Israel. Abijam begins his three-year reign in Judah, continuing the sins of his father Rehoboam. However, for the sake of David, God preserves the Davidic line. He is succeeded by Asa, who reigns for forty-one years and is praised for doing right in God's eyes. Asa conducts extensive religious reforms, removing idols and deposing the queen mother for her idolatry, though the high places remain. To defend against Baasha of Israel, Asa forms an alliance with the king of Syria using gold from the temple. In the northern kingdom, Jeroboam's son Nadab reigns briefly before being assassinated by Baasha. Baasha then executes every member of Jeroboam's family, fulfilling the prophecy of judgment spoken against that house. The chapter ends with Baasha established as king in Israel, though he continues to lead the nation in sin.

Frequently Asked Questions

Asa removed cult prostitutes and idols that his predecessors had made. He also removed his mother, Maacah, from her position as queen mother because she had created an abominable image for Asherah, which he destroyed and burned.

According to the text, the Lord gave Abijam a 'lamp in Jerusalem'—meaning a successor—not because of Abijam's own righteousness, but for the sake of David, who had been faithful to God's commands throughout his life.

Baasha conspired against King Nadab, the son of Jeroboam, and killed him while the army was besieging a Philistine city. He then took the throne and wiped out Jeroboam's entire family to secure his power.

Asa was under pressure from Baasha of Israel, who was building a fort at Ramah to blockade Judah. Asa sent gold and silver from the temple and the palace to Ben Hadad of Syria to convince him to break his treaty with Baasha and attack Israel from the north.

Study Note

The reference to David's sin regarding Uriah the Hittite in verse 5 serves as a unique literary qualification of his otherwise faithful record in the book of Kings.

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