1 Chronicles Chapter 9 — The Return to Jerusalem

This chapter lists the groups of Israelites who returned from exile to live in Jerusalem and details the lineage of King Saul.

RestorationSacred DutyGenealogyExile and ReturnFaithfulness

1So all Israel were listed by genealogies; and behold,*“Behold”, from “הִנֵּה”, means look at, take notice, observe, see, or gaze at. It is often used as an interjection. they are written in the book of the kings of Israel. Judah was carried away captive to Babylon for their disobedience.

2Now the first inhabitants who lived in their possessions in their cities were Israel, the priests, the Levites, and the temple servants.

3In Jerusalem, there lived of the children of Judah, of the children of Benjamin, and of the children of Ephraim and Manasseh:

4Uthai the son of Ammihud, the son of Omri, the son of Imri, the son of Bani, of the children of Perez the son of Judah.

5Of the Shilonites: Asaiah the firstborn and his sons.

6Of the sons of Zerah: Jeuel and their brothers, six hundred ninety.

7Of the sons of Benjamin: Sallu the son of Meshullam, the son of Hodaviah, the son of Hassenuah;

8and Ibneiah the son of Jeroham, and Elah the son of Uzzi, the son of Michri; and Meshullam the son of Shephatiah, the son of Reuel, the son of Ibnijah;

9and their brothers, according to their generations, nine hundred fifty-six. All these men were heads of fathers’ households by their fathers’ houses.

10Of the priests: Jedaiah, Jehoiarib, Jachin,

11and Azariah the son of Hilkiah, the son of Meshullam, the son of Zadok, the son of Meraioth, the son of Ahitub, the ruler of God’s house;

12and Adaiah the son of Jeroham, the son of Pashhur, the son of Malchijah; and Maasai the son of Adiel, the son of Jahzerah, the son of Meshullam, the son of Meshillemith, the son of Immer;

13and their brothers, heads of their fathers’ houses, one thousand seven hundred sixty; they were very able men for the work of the service of God’s house.

14Of the Levites: Shemaiah the son of Hasshub, the son of Azrikam, the son of Hashabiah, of the sons of Merari;

15and Bakbakkar, Heresh, Galal, and Mattaniah the son of Mica, the son of Zichri, the son of Asaph,

16and Obadiah the son of Shemaiah, the son of Galal, the son of Jeduthun; and Berechiah the son of Asa, the son of Elkanah, who lived in the villages of the Netophathites.

17The gatekeepers: Shallum, Akkub, Talmon, Ahiman, and their brothers (Shallum was the chief),

18who previously served in the king’s gate eastward. They were the gatekeepers for the camp of the children of Levi.

19Shallum was the son of Kore, the son of Ebiasaph, the son of Korah, and his brothers, of his father’s house, the Korahites, were over the work of the service, keepers of the thresholds of the tent. Their fathers had been over the LORD’s camp, keepers of the entry.

20Phinehas the son of Eleazar was ruler over them in time past, and the LORD was with him.

21Zechariah the son of Meshelemiah was gatekeeper of the door of the Tent of Meeting.

22All these who were chosen to be gatekeepers in the thresholds were two hundred twelve. These were listed by genealogy in their villages, whom David and Samuel the seer ordained in their office of trust.

23So they and their children had the oversight of the gates of the LORD’s house, even the house of the tent, as guards.

24On the four sides were the gatekeepers, toward the east, west, north, and south.

25Their brothers, in their villages, were to come in every seven days from time to time to be with them,

26for the four chief gatekeepers, who were Levites, were in an office of trust, and were over the rooms and over the treasuries in God’s house.

27They stayed around God’s house, because that was their duty; and it was their duty to open it morning by morning.

28Certain of them were in charge of the vessels of service, for these were brought in by count, and these were taken out by count.

29Some of them also were appointed over the furniture, and over all the vessels of the sanctuary, over the fine flour, the wine, the oil, the frankincense, and the spices.

30Some of the sons of the priests prepared the mixing of the spices.

31Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite, had the office of trust over the things that were baked in pans.

32Some of their brothers, of the sons of the Kohathites, were over the show bread, to prepare it every Sabbath.

33These are the singers, heads of fathers’ households of the Levites, who lived in the rooms and were free from other service, for they were employed in their work day and night.

34These were heads of fathers’ households of the Levites, throughout their generations, chief men. They lived at Jerusalem.

35Jeiel the father of Gibeon, whose wife’s name was Maacah, lived in Gibeon.

36His firstborn son was Abdon, then Zur, Kish, Baal, Ner, Nadab,

37Gedor, Ahio, Zechariah, and Mikloth.

38Mikloth became the father of Shimeam. They also lived with their relatives in Jerusalem, near their relatives.

39Ner became the father of Kish. Kish became the father of Saul. Saul became the father of Jonathan, Malchishua, Abinadab, and Eshbaal.

40The son of Jonathan was Merib-baal. Merib-baal became the father of Micah.

41The sons of Micah: Pithon, Melech, Tahrea, and Ahaz.

42Ahaz became the father of Jarah. Jarah became the father of Alemeth, Azmaveth, and Zimri. Zimri became the father of Moza.

43Moza became the father of Binea, Rephaiah his son, Eleasah his son, and Azel his son.

44Azel had six sons, whose names are Azrikam, Bocheru, Ishmael, Sheariah, Obadiah, and Hanan. These were the sons of Azel.

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

1 Chronicles 9:1

So all Israel were listed by genealogies; and behold, they are written in the book of the kings of Israel. Judah was carried away captive to Babylon for their disobedience.

This verse establishes the historical context of the exile and the importance of record-keeping for the returning nation.

1 Chronicles 9:13

and their brothers, heads of their fathers’ houses, one thousand seven hundred sixty; they were very able men for the work of the service of God’s house.

It emphasizes the capability and numbers of the priests dedicated to the restoration of worship.

1 Chronicles 9:22

All these who were chosen to be gatekeepers in the thresholds were two hundred twelve. These were listed by genealogy in their villages, whom David and Samuel the seer ordained in their office of trust.

This highlights the long-standing tradition and divine authority behind the roles of the temple gatekeepers.

Chapter Summary

1 Chronicles 9 begins by summarizing that all Israel's genealogies were recorded in the book of the kings, noting that Judah was exiled to Babylon because of their unfaithfulness. The narrative then shifts to the first inhabitants to resettle their cities and Jerusalem after the return from exile. This includes members of the tribes of Judah, Benjamin, Ephraim, and Manasseh. A significant portion of the text is dedicated to the organization of religious life, listing the names and duties of the priests and Levites. It highlights the specific responsibilities of the gatekeepers, who were entrusted with the security of the sanctuary, the management of its treasuries, and the preparation of sacred elements like the showbread and incense. The chapter concludes by repeating the genealogy of King Saul, specifically his lineage through his father Ner and his son Jonathan, which serves as a transition into the narrative of the Israelite monarchy.

Frequently Asked Questions

The text states that Judah was carried away captive to Babylon because of their disobedience or unfaithfulness. This serves as a reminder of the consequences of straying from their covenant.

The first inhabitants included Israelites from various tribes, along with priests, Levites, and temple servants. Specifically, the text mentions people from the tribes of Judah, Benjamin, Ephraim, and Manasseh living in Jerusalem.

The gatekeepers were in an office of trust, responsible for guarding the entrances to the house of the Lord. They also oversaw the rooms, the treasuries, the vessels of service, and the preparation of items like the showbread and spices.

The chapter concludes with the genealogy of Saul, the first king of Israel. It traces his family from his father Ner through his son Jonathan and down several generations of descendants.

Study Note

The repetition of Saul's genealogy in this chapter acts as a literary bridge, connecting the long genealogical records of the previous chapters to the narrative history of Saul and David that begins in chapter 10.

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