Zechariah Chapter 7 — A Call for Justice and Mercy
The people of Bethel ask if they should continue their ritual fasts, leading the Lord to clarify that He desires ethical conduct and justice over empty religious traditions.
1In the fourth year of King Darius, the LORD’s word came to Zechariah in the fourth day of the ninth month, the month of Chislev.
2The people of Bethel sent Sharezer and Regem Melech and their men to entreat the LORD’s favor,
3and to speak to the priests of the house of the LORD of Armies and to the prophets, saying, “Should I weep in the fifth month, separating myself, as I have done these so many years?”
4Then the word of the LORD of Armies came to me, saying,
5“Speak to all the people of the land and to the priests, saying, ‘When you fasted and mourned in the fifth and in the seventh month for these seventy years, did you at all fast to me, really to me?
6When you eat and when you drink, don’t you eat for yourselves and drink for yourselves?
7Aren’t these the words which the LORD proclaimed by the former prophets when Jerusalem was inhabited and in prosperity, and its cities around her, and the South and the lowland were inhabited?’ ”
8The LORD’s word came to Zechariah, saying,
9“Thus has the LORD of Armies spoken, saying, ‘Execute true judgment, and show kindness and compassion every man to his brother.
10Don’t oppress the widow, the fatherless, the foreigner, nor the poor; and let none of you devise evil against his brother in your heart.’
11But they refused to listen, and turned their backs, and stopped their ears, that they might not hear.
12Yes, they made their hearts as hard as flint, lest they might hear the law and the words which the LORD of Armies had sent by his Spirit by the former prophets. Therefore great wrath came from the LORD of Armies.
13It has come to pass that, as he called and they refused to listen, so they will call and I will not listen,” said the LORD of Armies;
14“but I will scatter them with a whirlwind among all the nations which they have not known. Thus the land was desolate after them, so that no man passed through nor returned; for they made the pleasant land desolate.”
WEB Translation
Notable Verses
Zechariah 7:5
“When you fasted and mourned in the fifth and in the seventh month for these seventy years, did you at all fast to me, really to me?”
This verse challenges the motivation behind religious observance and highlights the difference between tradition and true devotion.
Zechariah 7:9
“Thus has the LORD of Armies spoken, saying, 'Execute true judgment, and show kindness and compassion every man to his brother.'”
It summarizes the ethical conduct and social righteousness that God expects from His people.
Zechariah 7:10
“Don’t oppress the widow, the fatherless, the foreigner, nor the poor; and let none of you devise evil against his brother in your heart.”
This verse explicitly lists the vulnerable groups that require protection and care according to God's law.
Chapter Summary
In the fourth year of King Darius, messengers from Bethel arrive in Jerusalem to ask the priests and prophets whether they should continue the annual fasts established during the Babylonian exile. The Lord responds through the prophet Zechariah, questioning the motives of their seventy years of mourning. He asks if their fasting was truly for Him or if it was merely a self-centered habit. The Lord reminds them of the messages delivered by earlier prophets before the exile, when Jerusalem was still prosperous. He emphasizes that the core of His requirements is not ritual, but moral integrity. Specifically, the Lord calls for the execution of true judgment, the showing of kindness and compassion, and the protection of the vulnerable, including widows, orphans, foreigners, and the poor. Zechariah concludes by recounting how the ancestors hardened their hearts and refused to listen to these commands, which ultimately led to the divine wrath that scattered them and left the land desolate.
Frequently Asked Questions
The people had been fasting in the fifth month for seventy years to mourn the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem. They sent messengers to ask the priests if they should continue this mourning practice now that they had returned to the land.
The Lord questions if the fasting was truly done for Him or if it was a self-serving tradition. He indicates that their ritual observances were less important than their lack of obedience to His moral commands.
In verse 10, the Lord commands the people not to oppress the widow, the fatherless (orphans), the foreigner, and the poor. He also warns against thinking of evil against one another.
Because the previous generations hardened their hearts and ignored the prophets, the Lord stopped listening to their cries. He scattered them among the nations and their once pleasant land became desolate.
Study Note
The reference to the 'fifth month' in verse 3 refers to the month of Ab, marking the anniversary of the burning of the Temple by the Babylonians in 586 B.C.
Related Chapters
Isaiah 58
This chapter similarly contrasts empty ritual fasting with the true fast of pursuing justice and helping the needy.
Amos 5
Amos also emphasizes that God prefers justice and righteousness over religious festivals and formal rituals.
Micah 6
Micah 6:8 provides a famous parallel to the call for justice, kindness, and walking humbly with God.
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