Matthew Chapter 10 — Commissioning the Twelve Apostles
Jesus sends his twelve disciples to preach to the house of Israel, providing them with instructions and warnings about future persecution.
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Notable Verses
Matthew 10:16
“Behold, I send you out as sheep among wolves. Therefore be wise as serpents and harmless as doves.”
This verse provides a famous metaphor for the cautious yet innocent approach disciples should take in a hostile world.
Matthew 10:28
“Don’t be afraid of those who kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul. Rather, fear him who is able to destroy both soul and body in Gehenna.”
Jesus highlights the importance of an eternal perspective over physical safety.
Matthew 10:38
“He who doesn’t take his cross and follow after me isn’t worthy of me.”
This is a foundational statement on the sacrificial nature of true discipleship.
Chapter Summary
In Matthew 10, Jesus calls his twelve disciples and grants them authority to cast out unclean spirits and heal diseases. He provides a specific list of the apostles, including Peter, Andrew, James, John, and others. Jesus instructs them to go exclusively to the 'lost sheep of the house of Israel' rather than to Gentiles or Samaritans. They are commanded to preach the coming of the Kingdom of Heaven and to perform miracles without seeking payment or luxury. Jesus warns that they will face opposition, being sent out like 'sheep among wolves,' and may be brought before governors and kings. Despite these trials, he encourages them not to fear those who can only kill the body but to remain faithful. The chapter concludes with Jesus explaining that following him may cause division even within families, and he promises rewards for those who receive his disciples.
Frequently Asked Questions
The twelve apostles are Simon Peter, Andrew, James the son of Zebedee, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas, Matthew the tax collector, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus (Lebbaeus), Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot.
Jesus told them to travel light, taking no gold, silver, or extra clothing. He instructed them to preach to the lost sheep of Israel, heal the sick, and stay with worthy households while shaking the dust off their feet if rejected.
Jesus uses the metaphor of a sword to describe the division his message may cause within families. He explains that loyalty to him must surpass even the closest earthly relationships, which can lead to conflict.
Study Note
The term 'apostle' used in verse 2 comes from the Greek 'apostolos,' meaning 'one who is sent' or a messenger.
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