Luke Chapter 6 — The Sermon on the Plain and the Twelve

Jesus addresses Sabbath laws, appoints his twelve apostles, and delivers a profound sermon on love, mercy, and building a solid spiritual foundation.

Sabbath LawDiscipleshipMercy and LoveSpiritual FoundationsJudging Others

1Now on the second Sabbath after the first, he was going through the grain fields. His disciples plucked the heads of grain and ate, rubbing them in their hands.

2But some of the Pharisees said to them, “Why do you do that which is not lawful to do on the Sabbath day?”

3Jesus, answering them, said, “Haven’t you read what David did when he was hungry, he and those who were with him,

4how he entered into God’s house, and took and ate the show bread, and gave also to those who were with him, which is not lawful to eat except for the priests alone?”

5He said to them, “The Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”

6It also happened on another Sabbath that he entered into the synagogue and taught. There was a man there, and his right hand was withered.

7The scribes and the Pharisees watched him, to see whether he would heal on the Sabbath, that they might find an accusation against him.

8But he knew their thoughts; and he said to the man who had the withered hand, “Rise up and stand in the middle.” He arose and stood.

9Then Jesus said to them, “I will ask you something: Is it lawful on the Sabbath to do good, or to do harm? To save a life, or to kill?”

10He looked around at them all, and said to the man, “Stretch out your hand.” He did, and his hand was restored as sound as the other.

11But they were filled with rage, and talked with one another about what they might do to Jesus.

12In these days, he went out to the mountain to pray, and he continued all night in prayer to God.

13When it was day, he called his disciples, and from them he chose twelve, whom he also named apostles:

14Simon, whom he also named Peter; Andrew, his brother; James; John; Philip; Bartholomew;

15Matthew; Thomas; James the son of Alphaeus; Simon who was called the Zealot;

16Judas the son of James; and Judas Iscariot, who also became a traitor.

17He came down with them and stood on a level place, with a crowd of his disciples and a great number of the people from all Judea and Jerusalem and the sea coast of Tyre and Sidon, who came to hear him and to be healed of their diseases,

18as well as those who were troubled by unclean spirits; and they were being healed.

19All the multitude sought to touch him, for power came out of him and healed them all.

20He lifted up his eyes to his disciples, and said:

21Blessed are you who hunger now,

22Blessed are you when men hate you, and when they exclude and mock you, and throw out your name as evil, for the Son of Man’s sake.

23Rejoice in that day and leap for joy, for behold, your reward is great in heaven, for their fathers did the same thing to the prophets.

24“But woe to you who are rich!

25Woe to you, you who are full now,

26Woe,*TR adds “to you” when†TR adds “all” men speak well of you,

27“But I tell you who hear: love your enemies, do good to those who hate you,

28bless those who curse you, and pray for those who mistreat you.

29To him who strikes you on the cheek, offer also the other; and from him who takes away your cloak, don’t withhold your coat also.

30Give to everyone who asks you, and don’t ask him who takes away your goods to give them back again.

31“As you would like people to do to you, do exactly so to them.

32“If you love those who love you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners love those who love them.

33If you do good to those who do good to you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners do the same.

34If you lend to those from whom you hope to receive, what credit is that to you? Even sinners lend to sinners, to receive back as much.

35But love your enemies, and do good, and lend, expecting nothing back; and your reward will be great, and you will be children of the Most High; for he is kind toward the unthankful and evil.

36“Therefore be merciful,

37Don’t judge,

38“Give, and it will be given to you: good measure, pressed down, shaken together, and running over, will be given to you.‡literally, into your bosom. For with the same measure you measure it will be measured back to you.”

39He spoke a parable to them. “Can the blind guide the blind? Won’t they both fall into a pit?

40A disciple is not above his teacher, but everyone when he is fully trained will be like his teacher.

41Why do you see the speck of chaff that is in your brother’s eye, but don’t consider the beam that is in your own eye?

42Or how can you tell your brother, ‘Brother, let me remove the speck of chaff that is in your eye,’ when you yourself don’t see the beam that is in your own eye? You hypocrite! First remove the beam from your own eye, and then you can see clearly to remove the speck of chaff that is in your brother’s eye.

43“For there is no good tree that produces rotten fruit, nor again a rotten tree that produces good fruit.

44For each tree is known by its own fruit. For people don’t gather figs from thorns, nor do they gather grapes from a bramble bush.

45The good man out of the good treasure of his heart brings out that which is good, and the evil man out of the evil treasure of his heart brings out that which is evil, for out of the abundance of the heart, his mouth speaks.

46“Why do you call me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ and don’t do the things which I say?

47Everyone who comes to me, and hears my words and does them, I will show you who he is like.

48He is like a man building a house, who dug and went deep and laid a foundation on the rock. When a flood arose, the stream broke against that house, and could not shake it, because it was founded on the rock.

49But he who hears and doesn’t do, is like a man who built a house on the earth without a foundation, against which the stream broke, and immediately it fell; and the ruin of that house was great.”

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

Luke 6:5

He said to them, “The Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”

Jesus asserts his divine authority over religious traditions and the law of the Sabbath.

Luke 6:31

“As you would like people to do to you, do exactly so to them.”

This verse, known as the Golden Rule, serves as a central ethical command for Jesus' followers.

Luke 6:45

“The good man out of the good treasure of his heart brings out that which is good... for out of the abundance of the heart, his mouth speaks.”

This verse highlights the connection between an individual's internal character and their outward actions and speech.

Chapter Summary

Luke Chapter 6 begins with Jesus challenging traditional interpretations of the Sabbath by allowing his disciples to pluck grain and by healing a man with a withered hand. These actions lead to a confrontation with the Pharisees. Following a night of prayer on a mountain, Jesus officially selects twelve apostles from his followers. He then descends to a level place to address a large crowd, delivering what is often called the Sermon on the Plain. This teaching includes the Beatitudes and corresponding woes, emphasizing blessings for the poor and hungry. Jesus commands his followers to love their enemies, practice radical generosity, and avoid hypocritical judgment. He concludes the chapter with parables about the tree and its fruit and the necessity of building one's life on a firm foundation. He warns that those who hear his words but do not act on them are like a man who builds a house without a foundation, which is easily destroyed by a flood.

Frequently Asked Questions

Jesus healed the man with the withered hand to demonstrate that it is lawful to do good and save life on the Sabbath. He challenged the scribes and Pharisees who were looking for a reason to accuse him of breaking religious laws.

The apostles chosen were Peter, Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James son of Alphaeus, Simon the Zealot, Judas son of James, and Judas Iscariot. Jesus selected them after spending an entire night in prayer.

The parable contrasts someone who hears and obeys Jesus' words with someone who hears but does not act. The obedient person is like a house built on a rock foundation that survives a flood, while the disobedient person's life collapses like a house without a foundation.

Study Note

The 'Sermon on the Plain' in Luke 6 is distinct from Matthew's 'Sermon on the Mount' as Luke specifies Jesus stood on a 'level place' to teach the multitude.

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