Judges Chapter 13 — The Birth of Samson
An angel appears to Manoah and his wife to announce that they will have a son named Samson, who must be dedicated as a Nazirite to save Israel.
1The children of Israel again did that which was evil in the LORD’s sight; and the LORD delivered them into the hand of the Philistines forty years.
2There was a certain man of Zorah, of the family of the Danites, whose name was Manoah; and his wife was barren, and childless.
3The LORD’s angel appeared to the woman, and said to her, “See now, you are barren and childless; but you shall conceive and bear a son.
4Now therefore please beware and drink no wine nor strong drink, and don’t eat any unclean thing;
5for, behold, you shall conceive and give birth to a son. No razor shall come on his head, for the child shall be a Nazirite to God from the womb. He shall begin to save Israel out of the hand of the Philistines.”
6Then the woman came and told her husband, saying, “A man of God came to me, and his face was like the face of the angel of God, very awesome. I didn’t ask him where he was from, neither did he tell me his name;
7but he said to me, ‘Behold, you shall conceive and bear a son; and now drink no wine nor strong drink. Don’t eat any unclean thing, for the child shall be a Nazirite to God from the womb to the day of his death.’ ”
8Then Manoah entreated the LORD, and said, “Oh, Lord, please let the man of God whom you sent come again to us, and teach us what we should do to the child who shall be born.”
9God listened to the voice of Manoah, and the angel of God came again to the woman as she sat in the field; but Manoah, her husband, wasn’t with her.
10The woman hurried and ran, and told her husband, saying to him, “Behold, the man who came to me that day has appeared to me.”
11Manoah arose and followed his wife, and came to the man, and said to him, “Are you the man who spoke to my wife?”
12Manoah said, “Now let your words happen. What shall the child’s way of life and mission be?”
13The LORD’s angel said to Manoah, “Of all that I said to the woman let her beware.
14She may not eat of anything that comes of the vine, neither let her drink wine or strong drink, nor eat any unclean thing. Let her observe all that I commanded her.”
15Manoah said to the LORD’s angel, “Please stay with us, that we may make a young goat ready for you.”
16The LORD’s angel said to Manoah, “Though you detain me, I won’t eat your bread. If you will prepare a burnt offering, you must offer it to the LORD.” For Manoah didn’t know that he was the LORD’s angel.
17Manoah said to the LORD’s angel, “What is your name, that when your words happen, we may honor you?”
18The LORD’s angel said to him, “Why do you ask about my name, since it is incomprehensible*or, wonderful?”
19So Manoah took the young goat with the meal offering, and offered it on the rock to the LORD. Then the angel did an amazing thing as Manoah and his wife watched.
20For when the flame went up toward the sky from off the altar, the LORD’s angel ascended in the flame of the altar. Manoah and his wife watched; and they fell on their faces to the ground.
21But the LORD’s angel didn’t appear to Manoah or to his wife any more. Then Manoah knew that he was the LORD’s angel.
22Manoah said to his wife, “We shall surely die, because we have seen God.”
23But his wife said to him, “If the LORD were pleased to kill us, he wouldn’t have received a burnt offering and a meal offering at our hand, and he wouldn’t have shown us all these things, nor would he have told us such things as these at this time.”
24The woman bore a son and named him Samson. The child grew, and the LORD blessed him.
25The LORD’s Spirit began to move him in Mahaneh Dan, between Zorah and Eshtaol.
WEB Translation
Notable Verses
Judges 13:5
“for, behold, you shall conceive and give birth to a son. No razor shall come on his head, for the child shall be a Nazirite to God from the womb. He shall begin to save Israel out of the hand of the Philistines.”
This verse outlines the specific requirements of Samson's life and his divine purpose as a judge.
Judges 13:18
“The LORD’s angel said to him, “Why do you ask about my name, since it is incomprehensible?””
This interaction reveals the supernatural and mysterious nature of the divine messenger.
Judges 13:24
“The woman bore a son and named him Samson. The child grew, and the LORD blessed him.”
This verse records the fulfillment of the angel's prophecy and the beginning of Samson's life under God's blessing.
Chapter Summary
Judges 13 opens with Israel again facing forty years of oppression under the Philistines. The narrative centers on a man named Manoah and his barren wife from the tribe of Dan. The Angel of the Lord appears to the woman, promising her a son. She is instructed to abstain from wine and unclean food, and the child is to be a Nazirite from birth, meaning his hair is never to be cut. Manoah prays for the 'man of God' to return and instruct them further. The angel reappears, repeating the instructions to both parents. When Manoah offers a sacrifice to the Lord, the angel miraculously ascends in the flame of the altar. Realizing they have seen God, Manoah fears for their lives, but his wife reassures him of God's favor. The chapter concludes with the birth of Samson and the movement of the Spirit of the Lord upon him.
Frequently Asked Questions
The Nazirite vow was a sign of being set apart for God's service. For Samson, it included specific restrictions such as not cutting his hair and abstaining from wine or unclean foods, signifying his role in beginning the deliverance of Israel.
Manoah was a man from the town of Zorah and the tribe of Dan. He was the father of Samson and is known for his prayer asking God for guidance on how to raise the child promised by the angel.
As Manoah and his wife watched their sacrifice burning on the altar, the Angel of the Lord ascended into the sky within the flame. This event confirmed to Manoah that the visitor was indeed a divine messenger.
Study Note
The Hebrew word translated as 'incomprehensible' or 'wonderful' in verse 18 shares a linguistic root with the title 'Wonderful Counselor' found in Messianic prophecies.
Related Chapters
Numbers Chapter 6
This chapter defines the laws and requirements for the Nazirite vow mentioned in Judges 13.
1 Samuel Chapter 1
Like Samson's mother, Hannah was a barren woman who received a miraculous promise of a son dedicated to God.
Luke Chapter 1
The announcement of John the Baptist's birth shares many similarities with the angelic visit to Manoah's wife.
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