Ezekiel Chapter 17 — The Parable of the Two Eagles

God presents a riddle about two eagles and a vine to symbolize the political rebellion of Israel's leaders and the consequences of breaking a covenant.

CovenantsJudgmentDivine SovereigntyRestorationFaithfulness

1The LORD’s word came to me, saying,

2“Son of man, tell a riddle, and speak a parable to the house of Israel;

3and say, ‘The Lord GOD says: “A great eagle with great wings and long feathers, full of feathers which had various colors, came to Lebanon and took the top of the cedar.

4He cropped off the topmost of its young twigs, and carried it to a land of traffic. He planted it in a city of merchants.

5“ ‘ “He also took some of the seed of the land and planted it in fruitful soil. He placed it beside many waters. He set it as a willow tree.

6It grew and became a spreading vine of low stature, whose branches turned toward him, and its roots were under him. So it became a vine, produced branches, and shot out sprigs.

7“ ‘ “There was also another great eagle with great wings and many feathers. Behold, this vine bent its roots toward him, and shot out its branches toward him, from the ground where it was planted, that he might water it.

8It was planted in a good soil by many waters, that it might produce branches and that it might bear fruit, that it might be a good vine.” ’

9“Say, ‘The Lord GOD says: “Will it prosper? Won’t he pull up its roots and cut off its fruit, that it may wither, that all its fresh springing leaves may wither? It can’t be raised from its roots by a strong arm or many people.

10Yes, behold, being planted, will it prosper? Won’t it utterly wither when the east wind touches it? It will wither in the ground where it grew.” ’ ”

11Moreover the LORD’s word came to me, saying,

12“Say now to the rebellious house, ‘Don’t you know what these things mean?’ Tell them, ‘Behold, the king of Babylon came to Jerusalem, and took its king, and its princes, and brought them to him to Babylon.

13He took one of the royal offspring,*or, seed and made a covenant with him. He also brought him under an oath, and took away the mighty of the land,

14that the kingdom might be brought low, that it might not lift itself up, but that by keeping his covenant it might stand.

15But he rebelled against him in sending his ambassadors into Egypt, that they might give him horses and many people. Will he prosper? Will he who does such things escape? Will he break the covenant, and still escape?

16“ ‘As I live,’ says the Lord GOD, ‘surely in the place where the king dwells who made him king, whose oath he despised, and whose covenant he broke, even with him in the middle of Babylon he will die.

17Pharaoh with his mighty army and great company won’t help him in the war, when they cast up mounds and build forts to cut off many persons.

18For he has despised the oath by breaking the covenant; and behold, he had given his hand, and yet has done all these things. He won’t escape.

19“Therefore the Lord GOD says: ‘As I live, I will surely bring on his own head my oath that he has despised and my covenant that he has broken.

20I will spread my net on him, and he will be taken in my snare. I will bring him to Babylon, and will enter into judgment with him there for his trespass that he has trespassed against me.

21All his fugitives in all his bands will fall by the sword, and those who remain will be scattered toward every wind. Then you will know that I, the LORD, have spoken it.’

22“The Lord GOD says: ‘I will also take some of the lofty top of the cedar, and will plant it. I will crop off from the topmost of its young twigs a tender one, and I will plant it on a high and lofty mountain.

23I will plant it in the mountain of the height of Israel; and it will produce boughs, and bear fruit, and be a good cedar. Birds of every kind will dwell in the shade of its branches.

24All the trees of the field will know that I, the LORD, have brought down the high tree, have exalted the low tree, have dried up the green tree, and have made the dry tree flourish.

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

Ezekiel 17:15

But he rebelled against him in sending his ambassadors into Egypt, that they might give him horses and many people. Will he prosper? Will he who does such things escape? Will he break the covenant, and still escape?

This verse highlights the central conflict regarding the king's betrayal of his oath and the consequences of breaking a covenant.

Ezekiel 17:24

All the trees of the field will know that I, the LORD, have brought down the high tree, have exalted the low tree, have dried up the green tree, and have made the dry tree flourish.

This concluding verse emphasizes God's ultimate authority over earthly powers and His ability to restore the humble.

Chapter Summary

In Ezekiel 17, God commands the prophet to present a riddle and a parable to the house of Israel. The story features a great eagle that carries off the top of a cedar and plants a seed that grows into a spreading vine. When the vine turns its roots toward a second great eagle for water, it is condemned to wither. God explains that the first eagle represents the king of Babylon, who took Jerusalem's king and princes into exile and made a covenant with a royal offspring. This new king rebelled by seeking military help from Egypt, represented by the second eagle. Because the king despised his oath and broke the covenant, God declares he will not escape judgment and will die in Babylon. The chapter concludes with a promise of restoration: God Himself will take a tender twig from the cedar and plant it on a high mountain in Israel, where it will grow into a majestic tree that provides shelter for all, demonstrating God's sovereignty over the rise and fall of nations.

Frequently Asked Questions

The first eagle represents the King of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar, who took the leadership of Jerusalem into exile. The second eagle represents Egypt, to whom the Judean king turned for military help despite his oath to Babylon.

The vine represents the royal offspring, specifically Zedekiah, whom Babylon placed on the throne of Judah. It was intended to grow and thrive under Babylonian rule, but it withered after trying to seek support from Pharaoh.

According to the prophecy, because the king despised his oath and broke the covenant with Babylon, he would be captured and brought to Babylon to face judgment, where he would eventually die.

The tender twig represents a future restoration of the Davidic line. God promises to take a small remnant and plant it on a high mountain, where it will grow into a great kingdom that provides protection for all.

Study Note

The imagery of a 'tender twig' becoming a massive tree on a mountain is a common prophetic motif used to describe the growth of God's future kingdom from humble beginnings.

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