Daniel Chapter 10 — The Vision by the Tigris

Daniel undergoes a three-week fast and receives a powerful vision of a heavenly being who reveals the spiritual battles occurring behind human history.

Spiritual WarfareFasting and PrayerDivine EncouragementGod's Sovereignty

1In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia a message was revealed to Daniel, whose name was called Belteshazzar; and the message was true, even a great warfare. He understood the message, and had understanding of the vision.

2In those days I, Daniel, was mourning three whole weeks.

3I ate no pleasant food. No meat or wine came into my mouth. I didn’t anoint myself at all, until three whole weeks were fulfilled.

4In the twenty-fourth day of the first month, as I was by the side of the great river, which is Hiddekel,*or, Tigris River

5I lifted up my eyes and looked, and behold, there was a man clothed in linen, whose waist was adorned with pure gold of Uphaz.

6His body also was like beryl, and his face as the appearance of lightning, and his eyes as flaming torches. His arms and his feet were like burnished bronze. The voice of his words was like the voice of a multitude.

7I, Daniel, alone saw the vision, for the men who were with me didn’t see the vision, but a great quaking fell on them, and they fled to hide themselves.

8So I was left alone and saw this great vision. No strength remained in me; for my face grew deathly pale, and I retained no strength.

9Yet I heard the voice of his words. When I heard the voice of his words, then I fell into a deep sleep on my face, with my face toward the ground.

10Behold, a hand touched me, which set me on my knees and on the palms of my hands.

11He said to me, “Daniel, you greatly beloved man, understand the words that I speak to you, and stand upright, for I have been sent to you, now.” When he had spoken this word to me, I stood trembling.

12Then he said to me, “Don’t be afraid, Daniel; for from the first day that you set your heart to understand, and to humble yourself before your God, your words were heard. I have come for your words’ sake.

13But the prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me twenty-one days; but, behold, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me because I remained there with the kings of Persia.

14Now I have come to make you understand what will happen to your people in the latter days, for the vision is yet for many days.”

15When he had spoken these words to me, I set my face toward the ground and was mute.

16Behold, one in the likeness of the sons of men touched my lips. Then I opened my mouth, and spoke and said to him who stood before me, “My lord, by reason of the vision my sorrows have overtaken me, and I retain no strength.

17For how can the servant of this my lord talk with this my lord? For as for me, immediately there remained no strength in me. There was no breath left in me.”

18Then one like the appearance of a man touched me again, and he strengthened me.

19He said, “Greatly beloved man, don’t be afraid. Peace be to you. Be strong. Yes, be strong.”

20Then he said, “Do you know why I have come to you? Now I will return to fight with the prince of Persia. When I go out, behold, the prince of Greece will come.

21But I will tell you that which is inscribed in the writing of truth. There is no one who holds with me against these but Michael your prince.

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

Daniel 10:12

Then he said to me, “Don’t be afraid, Daniel; for from the first day that you set your heart to understand, and to humble yourself before your God, your words were heard. I have come for your words’ sake.”

This verse emphasizes that God responds to a humble heart and sincere prayer immediately, even if the visible answer is delayed.

Daniel 10:13

But the prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me twenty-one days; but, behold, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me because I remained there with the kings of Persia.

This provides a unique biblical perspective on spiritual conflict and the existence of heavenly beings associated with earthly nations.

Daniel 10:19

He said, “Greatly beloved man, don’t be afraid. Peace be to you. Be strong. Yes, be strong.”

The messenger offers comfort and physical restoration to Daniel, who was overwhelmed by the magnitude of the revelation.

Chapter Summary

In the third year of King Cyrus of Persia, Daniel experiences a period of mourning and fasting that lasts for three weeks. During this time, he avoids pleasant foods, meat, wine, and oils. While standing on the banks of the Tigris River, he sees a vision of a man clothed in linen with a body like beryl and a face like lightning. The intensity of the vision causes those with Daniel to flee in fear, leaving Daniel alone and physically drained. A heavenly messenger touches Daniel to restore his strength and explains that Daniel's prayers were heard from the very first day he humbled himself. However, the messenger was delayed for twenty-one days due to resistance from the 'prince of the kingdom of Persia,' until Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help. The messenger explains that he has come to provide understanding regarding what will happen to Daniel's people in the latter days and mentions future conflicts involving the princes of Persia and Greece.

Frequently Asked Questions

Daniel 10:3 describes Daniel abstaining from 'pleasant food,' meat, and wine for three weeks while mourning. This act of partial fasting and self-denial was intended to humble himself before God while seeking understanding.

The text identifies this figure as a spiritual being who opposed the heavenly messenger for twenty-one days. He is presented as a spiritual power associated with the Persian Empire rather than a human ruler.

Michael is described as 'one of the chief princes' and 'your prince,' referring to his role as a protector of Daniel's people. He intervenes to help the messenger overcome the spiritual resistance of the prince of Persia.

The vision occurred while Daniel was by the side of the 'great river, which is Hiddekel,' also known as the Tigris River, during the twenty-fourth day of the first month.

Study Note

The name Hiddekel in verse 4 is the ancient Hebrew name for the Tigris River, one of the two major rivers of Mesopotamia.

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