2 Kings Chapter 13 — The Death of Elisha and Israel's Struggles

This chapter details the reigns of Jehoahaz and Jehoash in Israel, the final days and death of the prophet Elisha, and Israel's military struggles with Syria.

Prophetic LegacyDivine CompassionCovenant FaithfulnessMilitary Struggle

1In the twenty-third year of Joash the son of Ahaziah, king of Judah, Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria for seventeen years.

2He did that which was evil in the LORD’s sight, and followed the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, with which he made Israel to sin. He didn’t depart from it.

3The LORD’s anger burned against Israel, and he delivered them into the hand of Hazael king of Syria, and into the hand of Benhadad the son of Hazael, continually.

4Jehoahaz begged the LORD, and the LORD listened to him; for he saw the oppression of Israel, how the king of Syria oppressed them.

5(The LORD gave Israel a savior, so that they went out from under the hand of the Syrians; and the children of Israel lived in their tents as before.

6Nevertheless they didn’t depart from the sins of the house of Jeroboam, with which he made Israel to sin, but walked in them; and the Asherah also remained in Samaria.)

7For he didn’t leave to Jehoahaz of the people any more than fifty horsemen, and ten chariots, and ten thousand footmen; for the king of Syria destroyed them and made them like the dust in threshing.

8Now the rest of the acts of Jehoahaz, and all that he did, and his might, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

9Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria; and Joash his son reigned in his place.

10In the thirty-seventh year of Joash king of Judah, Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz began to reign over Israel in Samaria for sixteen years.

11He did that which was evil in the LORD’s sight. He didn’t depart from all the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, with which he made Israel to sin; but he walked in them.

12Now the rest of the acts of Joash, and all that he did, and his might with which he fought against Amaziah king of Judah, aren’t they written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

13Joash slept with his fathers; and Jeroboam sat on his throne. Joash was buried in Samaria with the kings of Israel.

14Now Elisha became sick with the illness of which he died; and Joash the king of Israel came down to him, and wept over him, and said, “My father, my father, the chariots of Israel and its horsemen!”

15Elisha said to him, “Take bow and arrows;” and he took bow and arrows for himself.

16He said to the king of Israel, “Put your hand on the bow;” and he put his hand on it. Elisha laid his hands on the king’s hands.

17He said, “Open the window eastward;” and he opened it. Then Elisha said, “Shoot!” and he shot. He said, “The LORD’s arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory over Syria; for you will strike the Syrians in Aphek until you have consumed them.”

18He said, “Take the arrows;” and he took them. He said to the king of Israel, “Strike the ground;” and he struck three times, and stopped.

19The man of God was angry with him, and said, “You should have struck five or six times. Then you would have struck Syria until you had consumed it, but now you will strike Syria just three times.”

20Elisha died, and they buried him.

21As they were burying a man, behold, they saw a band of raiders; and they threw the man into Elisha’s tomb. As soon as the man touched Elisha’s bones, he revived, and stood up on his feet.

22Hazael king of Syria oppressed Israel all the days of Jehoahaz.

23But the LORD was gracious to them, and had compassion on them, and favored them because of his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them and he didn’t cast them from his presence as yet.

24Hazael king of Syria died; and Benhadad his son reigned in his place.

25Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz took again out of the hand of Benhadad the son of Hazael the cities which he had taken out of the hand of Jehoahaz his father by war. Joash struck him three times, and recovered the cities of Israel.

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

2 Kings 13:17

He said, “Open the window eastward;” and he opened it. Then Elisha said, “Shoot!” and he shot. He said, “The LORD’s arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory over Syria; for you will strike the Syrians in Aphek until you have consumed them.”

This verse marks Elisha's final prophetic act promising deliverance for Israel from Syrian oppression.

2 Kings 13:21

As soon as the man touched Elisha’s bones, he revived, and stood up on his feet.

This unique miracle demonstrates the lingering power of God associated with the prophet Elisha even after his death.

2 Kings 13:23

But the LORD was gracious to them, and had compassion on them, and favored them because of his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them and he didn’t cast them from his presence as yet.

This highlights that Israel's preservation was based on God's ancient promises rather than their own merit.

Chapter Summary

2 Kings 13 recounts the reigns of two kings of Israel, Jehoahaz and his son Jehoash, both of whom continued the spiritual practices of Jeroboam. During Jehoahaz's reign, Syria severely oppressed Israel, leading the king to seek God’s help. In response, God provided a deliverer, though the nation did not fully turn away from their sins. The chapter also captures the final encounter between King Jehoash and the dying prophet Elisha. Elisha instructs the king to strike the ground with arrows to symbolize victories over Syria, though the king's lack of persistence limits his success. Following Elisha’s death and burial, a miracle occurs when a dead man is revived after touching Elisha’s bones. The narrative concludes with King Jehoash recovering several cities from Syria, fulfilling the prophecy given by Elisha before his death.

Frequently Asked Questions

Elisha was angry because the king only struck the ground three times with the arrows. Elisha explained that if the king had struck five or six times, he would have completely destroyed Syria, but his limited action meant he would only achieve three victories.

When a group of Israelites was burying a man, they were surprised by raiders and hastily threw the body into Elisha’s tomb. Upon touching Elisha’s bones, the dead man was immediately restored to life and stood up.

While the text does not explicitly name the individual, it refers to a deliverer sent by God to relieve Israel from the oppression of Hazael and the Syrians, allowing the people to live in their homes safely again.

Study Note

The reference to the covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in verse 23 serves as a literary bridge back to the foundational patriarchal promises found in the book of Genesis.

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