Joshua Chapter 4 — The Memorial Stones at Gilgal
After crossing the Jordan River on dry land, the Israelites set up twelve stones as a permanent memorial of God's miraculous intervention.
1When all the nation had completely crossed over the Jordan, the LORD spoke to Joshua, saying,
2“Take twelve men out of the people, a man out of every tribe,
3and command them, saying, ‘Take from out of the middle of the Jordan, out of the place where the priests’ feet stood firm, twelve stones, carry them over with you, and lay them down in the place where you’ll camp tonight.’ ”
4Then Joshua called the twelve men whom he had prepared of the children of Israel, a man out of every tribe.
5Joshua said to them, “Cross before the ark of the LORD your God into the middle of the Jordan, and each of you pick up a stone and put it on your shoulder, according to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel;
6that this may be a sign among you, that when your children ask in the future, saying, ‘What do you mean by these stones?’
7then you shall tell them, ‘Because the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the LORD’s covenant. When it crossed over the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off. These stones shall be for a memorial to the children of Israel forever.’ ”
8The children of Israel did as Joshua commanded, and took up twelve stones out of the middle of the Jordan, as the LORD spoke to Joshua, according to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel. They carried them over with them to the place where they camped, and laid them down there.
9Joshua set up twelve stones in the middle of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests who bore the ark of the covenant stood; and they are there to this day.
10For the priests who bore the ark stood in the middle of the Jordan until everything was finished that the LORD commanded Joshua to speak to the people, according to all that Moses commanded Joshua; and the people hurried and passed over.
11When all the people had completely crossed over, the LORD’s ark crossed over with the priests in the presence of the people.
12The children of Reuben, and the children of Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh crossed over armed before the children of Israel, as Moses spoke to them.
13About forty thousand men, ready and armed for war, passed over before the LORD to battle, to the plains of Jericho.
14On that day, the LORD magnified Joshua in the sight of all Israel; and they feared him, as they feared Moses, all the days of his life.
15The LORD spoke to Joshua, saying,
16“Command the priests who bear the ark of the covenant, that they come up out of the Jordan.”
17Joshua therefore commanded the priests, saying, “Come up out of the Jordan!”
18When the priests who bore the ark of the LORD’s covenant had come up out of the middle of the Jordan, and the soles of the priests’ feet had been lifted up to the dry ground, the waters of the Jordan returned to their place, and went over all its banks, as before.
19The people came up out of the Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and encamped in Gilgal, on the east border of Jericho.
20Joshua set up those twelve stones, which they took out of the Jordan, in Gilgal.
21He spoke to the children of Israel, saying, “When your children ask their fathers in time to come, saying, ‘What do these stones mean?’
22Then you shall let your children know, saying, ‘Israel came over this Jordan on dry land.
23For the LORD your God dried up the waters of the Jordan from before you until you had crossed over, as the LORD your God did to the Red Sea, which he dried up from before us, until we had crossed over,
24that all the peoples of the earth may know that the LORD’s hand is mighty, and that you may fear the LORD your God forever.’ ”
WEB Translation
Notable Verses
Joshua 4:6-7
“that this may be a sign among you, that when your children ask in the future, saying, ‘What do you mean by these stones?’ then you shall tell them... These stones shall be for a memorial to the children of Israel forever.”
This verse establishes the purpose of the monument as an educational tool for future generations to remember God's works.
Joshua 4:14
“On that day, the LORD magnified Joshua in the sight of all Israel; and they feared him, as they feared Moses, all the days of his life.”
This indicates the successful transition of authority from Moses to Joshua through this miraculous event.
Joshua 4:24
“that all the peoples of the earth may know that the LORD’s hand is mighty, and that you may fear the LORD your God forever.”
It explains the global significance of the miracle as a testimony to all nations of God's strength.
Chapter Summary
Joshua 4 details the completion of the Israelite crossing into the Promised Land. Following God's command, Joshua selects twelve men, one from each tribe, to carry twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan riverbed where the priests stood with the Ark of the Covenant. These stones are carried to Gilgal and set up as a monument. Joshua also places twelve stones in the middle of the riverbed itself. Once the entire nation and the priests carrying the Ark reach the other side, the waters of the Jordan return to their flood state. The purpose of the stones at Gilgal is to serve as a teaching tool for future generations; when children ask about the meaning of the stones, their parents are to recount how God dried up the Jordan just as He had once dried up the Red Sea. This event establishes Joshua's leadership in the eyes of the people and serves as a witness of God's power to all nations.
Frequently Asked Questions
Twelve stones were taken, representing each of the twelve tribes of Israel. They were intended to serve as a permanent sign and memorial to remind the people and their descendants that God dried up the Jordan River for them to cross.
The text mentions two sets of stones: one set was placed at Gilgal where the Israelites first camped on the eastern border of Jericho, and another set was placed in the middle of the Jordan River where the priests had stood.
As soon as the priests carrying the Ark of the Covenant stepped onto the dry ground on the riverbank, the waters of the Jordan returned to their place and overflowed the banks as they had done before the miracle.
According to the text, about forty thousand men from the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh crossed over armed and ready for war before the Lord.
Study Note
The crossing took place on the tenth day of the first month, which marks the exactly forty-year anniversary of the first Passover preparations in Egypt.
Related Chapters
Joshua 3
The previous chapter describes the initial start of the crossing and the parting of the waters.
Exodus 14
Joshua 4:23 explicitly compares the Jordan crossing to the miraculous Red Sea crossing.
Joshua 5
The following chapter continues the narrative of the Israelites' first actions in the Promised Land after camping at Gilgal.
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