Joshua Chapter 17 — The Inheritance of Manasseh

Joshua 17 details the land allotment for the tribe of Manasseh and recounts how the daughters of Zelophehad received their inheritance according to the Lord's command.

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1This was the lot for the tribe of Manasseh, for he was the firstborn of Joseph. As for Machir the firstborn of Manasseh, the father of Gilead, because he was a man of war, therefore he had Gilead and Bashan.

2So this was for the rest of the children of Manasseh according to their families: for the children of Abiezer, for the children of Helek, for the children of Asriel, for the children of Shechem, for the children of Hepher, and for the children of Shemida. These were the male children of Manasseh the son of Joseph according to their families.

3But Zelophehad, the son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Machir, the son of Manasseh, had no sons, but daughters. These are the names of his daughters: Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.

4They came to Eleazar the priest, and to Joshua the son of Nun, and to the princes, saying, “The LORD commanded Moses to give us an inheritance among our brothers.” Therefore according to the commandment of the LORD he gave them an inheritance among the brothers of their father.

5Ten parts fell to Manasseh, in addition to the land of Gilead and Bashan, which is beyond the Jordan;

6because the daughters of Manasseh had an inheritance among his sons. The land of Gilead belonged to the rest of the sons of Manasseh.

7The border of Manasseh was from Asher to Michmethath, which is before Shechem. The border went along to the right hand, to the inhabitants of En Tappuah.

8The land of Tappuah belonged to Manasseh; but Tappuah on the border of Manasseh belonged to the children of Ephraim.

9The border went down to the brook of Kanah, southward of the brook. These cities belonged to Ephraim among the cities of Manasseh. The border of Manasseh was on the north side of the brook, and ended at the sea.

10Southward it was Ephraim’s, and northward it was Manasseh’s, and the sea was his border. They reached to Asher on the north, and to Issachar on the east.

11Manasseh had three heights in Issachar, in Asher Beth Shean and its towns, and Ibleam and its towns, and the inhabitants of Dor and its towns, and the inhabitants of Endor and its towns, and the inhabitants of Taanach and its towns, and the inhabitants of Megiddo and its towns.

12Yet the children of Manasseh couldn’t drive out the inhabitants of those cities; but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.

13When the children of Israel had grown strong, they put the Canaanites to forced labor, and didn’t utterly drive them out.

14The children of Joseph spoke to Joshua, saying, “Why have you given me just one lot and one part for an inheritance, since we are a numerous people, because the LORD has blessed us so far?”

15Joshua said to them, “If you are a numerous people, go up to the forest, and clear land for yourself there in the land of the Perizzites and of the Rephaim, since the hill country of Ephraim is too narrow for you.”

16The children of Joseph said, “The hill country is not enough for us. All the Canaanites who dwell in the land of the valley have chariots of iron, both those who are in Beth Shean and its towns, and those who are in the valley of Jezreel.”

17Joshua spoke to the house of Joseph, that is, to Ephraim and to Manasseh, saying, “You are a numerous people, and have great power. You shall not have one lot only;

18but the hill country shall be yours. Although it is a forest, you shall cut it down, and it’s farthest extent shall be yours; for you shall drive out the Canaanites, though they have chariots of iron, and though they are strong.”

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

Joshua 17:4

They came to Eleazar the priest, and to Joshua the son of Nun... saying, “The LORD commanded Moses to give us an inheritance among our brothers.”

This verse reinforces the legal precedent for women's inheritance rights within the tribal structure of Israel.

Joshua 17:18

The hill country shall be yours. Although it is a forest, you shall cut it down, and it’s farthest extent shall be yours; for you shall drive out the Canaanites, though they have chariots of iron.

Joshua challenges the people to take responsibility for their growth and rely on their strength to overcome technological disadvantages.

Chapter Summary

Joshua 17 outlines the territorial distribution for the tribe of Manasseh, the firstborn of Joseph. The chapter highlights the specific case of Zelophehad’s daughters—Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah—who successfully requested an inheritance among their relatives as Moses had previously commanded. The borders of Manasseh’s land are described, noting their proximity to Ephraim, Asher, and Issachar. Despite being given significant land, the text records that the children of Manasseh were unable to fully drive out the Canaanites from several cities, though they later subjected them to forced labor. The chapter ends with the house of Joseph (Ephraim and Manasseh) complaining that their allotment was too small for their large population. Joshua advises them to clear the forested hill country and drive out the Canaanites who possessed iron chariots, asserting that their strength would be sufficient to expand their territory through labor and conquest.

Frequently Asked Questions

The daughters were Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah. They approached Joshua and Eleazar to claim the inheritance promised to them by God through Moses, as their father had no sons.

The house of Joseph, which included Manasseh, argued that their single lot was too small because they were a numerous people whom the Lord had blessed. They were looking for more territory to accommodate their size.

Joshua told them that if they were truly numerous and powerful, they should go to the forest of the Perizzites and Rephaim to clear land for themselves. He encouraged them to drive out the Canaanites, despite the enemies' iron chariots.

Study Note

The mention of 'iron chariots' indicates a significant technological barrier for the Israelites, as iron technology was a major advantage for the Canaanites in flat valley terrains.

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