Job Chapter 39 — The Wonders of the Animal Kingdom

God continues His dialogue with Job by describing several wild animals whose lives and instincts are governed by divine providence rather than human wisdom.

God's SovereigntyNatural OrderDivine WisdomCreation

1“Do you know the time when the mountain goats give birth?

2Can you count the months that they fulfill?

3They bow themselves. They bear their young.

4Their young ones become strong.

5“Who has set the wild donkey free?

6whose home I have made the wilderness,

7He scorns the tumult of the city,

8The range of the mountains is his pasture.

9“Will the wild ox be content to serve you?

10Can you hold the wild ox in the furrow with his harness?

11Will you trust him, because his strength is great?

12Will you confide in him, that he will bring home your seed,

13“The wings of the ostrich wave proudly,

14For she leaves her eggs on the earth,

15and forgets that the foot may crush them,

16She deals harshly with her young ones, as if they were not hers.

17because God has deprived her of wisdom,

18When she lifts up herself on high,

19“Have you given the horse might?

20Have you made him to leap as a locust?

21He paws in the valley, and rejoices in his strength.

22He mocks at fear, and is not dismayed,

23The quiver rattles against him,

24He eats up the ground with fierceness and rage,

25As often as the trumpet sounds he snorts, ‘Aha!’

26“Is it by your wisdom that the hawk soars,

27Is it at your command that the eagle mounts up,

28On the cliff he dwells and makes his home,

29From there he spies out the prey.

30His young ones also suck up blood.

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

Job 39:5

“Who has set the wild donkey free? whose home I have made the wilderness,

This verse emphasizes that the freedom and instincts of wild animals are granted by God, not by human effort.

Job 39:17

because God has deprived her of wisdom, and has not imparted to her understanding.

It illustrates that even the perceived unique traits or lack of sense in animals like the ostrich are part of God's design.

Job 39:26

“Is it by your wisdom that the hawk soars, and stretches her wings toward the south?

God uses the migration and flight of birds to show Job that human wisdom does not govern the natural world.

Chapter Summary

In Job Chapter 39, the Divine response to Job’s suffering continues with a series of rhetorical questions focused on the natural world. God challenges Job to consider whether he understands or controls the intricate cycles of animal life. The chapter highlights various creatures: mountain goats and their birthing seasons, the wild donkey’s freedom in the wilderness, and the wild ox’s refusal to be domesticated for human labor. It also describes the ostrich, which lacks wisdom yet possesses great speed, and the horse, known for its fearlessness and strength in battle. Finally, the chapter concludes with the hawk and the eagle, noting their instincts for flight and survival. Throughout these descriptions, the text emphasizes that these creatures operate according to a design that is independent of human influence, illustrating God's unique authority over all of creation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Job 39 mentions mountain goats, wild donkeys, wild oxen, ostriches, horses, hawks, and eagles. Each animal is used to demonstrate God's care and design for creatures that humans cannot tame or fully understand.

God's questions are intended to humble Job by showing him that there are many things in the natural world he cannot control or explain. They highlight the vast gap between human understanding and divine wisdom.

The text states that God deprived the ostrich of wisdom, causing it to treat its eggs and young with apparent neglect. However, it also notes that the ostrich is fast enough to outrun a horse and its rider, showing a different kind of divine gift.

Study Note

The poetic descriptions in this chapter use detailed imagery of animal behavior to illustrate the concept of Divine Providence over all living things.

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