Job Chapter 21 — Job Speaks on the Prosperity of the Wicked
Job argues against his friends, pointing out that many wicked people live long, prosperous lives and die in peace, contradicting the idea that God always punishes them immediately.
1Then Job answered,
2“Listen diligently to my speech.
3Allow me, and I also will speak.
4As for me, is my complaint to man?
5Look at me, and be astonished.
6When I remember, I am troubled.
7“Why do the wicked live,
8Their child is established with them in their sight,
9Their houses are safe from fear,
10Their bulls breed without fail.
11They send out their little ones like a flock.
12They sing to the tambourine and harp,
13They spend their days in prosperity.
14They tell God, ‘Depart from us,
15What is the Almighty, that we should serve him?
16Behold, their prosperity is not in their hand.
17“How often is it that the lamp of the wicked is put out,
18How often is it that they are as stubble before the wind,
19You say, ‘God lays up his iniquity for his children.’
20Let his own eyes see his destruction.
21For what does he care for his house after him,
22“Shall any teach God knowledge,
23One dies in his full strength,
24His pails are full of milk.
25Another dies in bitterness of soul,
26They lie down alike in the dust.
27“Behold, I know your thoughts,
28For you say, ‘Where is the house of the prince?
29Haven’t you asked wayfaring men?
30that the evil man is reserved to the day of calamity,
31Who will declare his way to his face?
32Yet he will be borne to the grave.
33The clods of the valley will be sweet to him.
34So how can you comfort me with nonsense,
WEB Translation
Notable Verses
Job 21:7
“Why do the wicked live, become old, yes, and grow mighty in power?”
Job directly questions the common assumption that the wicked are always punished with short or miserable lives.
Job 21:14-15
“They tell God, 'Depart from us, for we don't want to know your ways. What is the Almighty, that we should serve him?'”
These verses highlight the arrogance of those who prosper while actively rejecting God.
Job 21:26
“They lie down alike in the dust. The worm covers them.”
Job notes that regardless of whether a person lived in prosperity or bitterness, death is the ultimate equalizer.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter, Job responds to his friends by asking them to listen carefully to his perspective. He addresses the difficult reality that many wicked individuals do not face immediate judgment. Instead, they often live long lives, see their children established, and enjoy great material wealth and safety. Despite openly rejecting God and questioning why they should serve Him, these individuals frequently spend their days in prosperity. Job observes that death is a common equalizer, claiming that some die in comfort and strength while others die in bitterness, yet both end up in the dust. He concludes by telling his friends that their attempts to comfort him with the idea that the wicked always suffer are based on false assumptions that do not align with the observable world.
Frequently Asked Questions
Job argues that his friends' claim that the wicked are always punished in this life is factually incorrect. He points out that many evil people live long, successful lives, enjoy their families, and die peacefully without facing the calamity his friends describe.
Job acknowledges that the wicked are reserved for the day of calamity, but he questions how often they actually face consequences during their lifetime. He notes that their lamp is not frequently put out as his friends suggest.
Job observes that one person might die in full strength and prosperity, while another dies in bitterness of soul. Despite these different life experiences, he points out that both ultimately share the same fate in the grave.
Study Note
Job 21 marks a shift in the dialogue where Job moves from defending his own innocence to directly attacking the theological framework used by his friends.
Related Chapters
Psalm 73
Like Job 21, this Psalm explores the struggle of seeing the wicked prosper while the righteous suffer.
Jeremiah 12
The prophet Jeremiah asks similar questions about why the way of the wicked prospers.
Ecclesiastes 9
This chapter echoes Job's sentiment that the same fate of death eventually happens to everyone.
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