Jeremiah Chapter 23 — The Righteous Branch and False Prophets

God pronounces judgment on corrupt leaders and false prophets while promising to raise up a righteous King from the line of David.

LeadershipMessianic ProphecyJusticeDivine OmnipresenceGod's Word

1“Woe to the shepherds who destroy and scatter the sheep of my pasture!” says the LORD.

2Therefore the LORD, the God of Israel, says against the shepherds who feed my people: “You have scattered my flock, driven them away, and have not visited them. Behold, I will visit on you the evil of your doings,” says the LORD.

3“I will gather the remnant of my flock out of all the countries where I have driven them, and will bring them again to their folds; and they will be fruitful and multiply.

4I will set up shepherds over them who will feed them. They will no longer be afraid or dismayed, neither will any be lacking,” says the LORD.

5“Behold, the days come,” says the LORD,

6In his days Judah will be saved,

7“Therefore, behold, the days come,” says the LORD, “that they will no more say, ‘As the LORD lives, who brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt;’

8but, ‘As the LORD lives, who brought up and who led the offspring of the house of Israel out of the north country, and from all the countries where I had driven them.’ Then they will dwell in their own land.”

9Concerning the prophets:

10“For the land is full of adulterers;

11for both prophet and priest are profane.

12Therefore their way will be to them as slippery places in the darkness.

13“I have seen folly in the prophets of Samaria.

14In the prophets of Jerusalem I have also seen a horrible thing:

15Therefore the LORD of Armies says concerning the prophets:

16The LORD of Armies says,

17They say continually to those who despise me,

18For who has stood in the council of the LORD,

19Behold, the LORD’s storm, his wrath, has gone out.

20The LORD’s anger will not return until he has executed

21I didn’t send these prophets, yet they ran.

22But if they had stood in my council,

23“Am I a God at hand,” says the LORD,

24Can anyone hide himself in secret places

25“I have heard what the prophets have said, who prophesy lies in my name, saying, ‘I had a dream! I had a dream!’

26How long will this be in the heart of the prophets who prophesy lies, even the prophets of the deceit of their own heart?

27They intend to cause my people to forget my name by their dreams which they each tell his neighbor, as their fathers forgot my name because of Baal.

28The prophet who has a dream, let him tell a dream; and he who has my word, let him speak my word faithfully. What is the straw to the wheat?” says the LORD.

29“Isn’t my word like fire?” says the LORD; “and like a hammer that breaks the rock in pieces?

30“Therefore behold, I am against the prophets,” says the LORD, “who each steal my words from his neighbor.

31Behold, I am against the prophets,” says the LORD, “who use their tongues, and say, ‘He says.’

32Behold, I am against those who prophesy lying dreams,” says the LORD, “who tell them, and cause my people to err by their lies, and by their vain boasting; yet I didn’t send them or command them. They don’t profit this people at all,” says the LORD.

33“When this people, or the prophet, or a priest, asks you, saying, ‘What is the message from the LORD?’ Then you shall tell them, ‘ “What message? I will cast you off,” says the LORD.’

34As for the prophet, the priest, and the people, who say, ‘The message from the LORD,’ I will even punish that man and his household.

35You will say everyone to his neighbor, and everyone to his brother, ‘What has the LORD answered?’ and, ‘What has the LORD said?’

36You will mention the message from the LORD no more, for every man’s own word has become his message; for you have perverted the words of the living God, of the LORD of Armies, our God.

37You will say to the prophet, ‘What has the LORD answered you?’ and, ‘What has the LORD spoken?’

38Although you say, ‘The message from the LORD,’ therefore the LORD says: ‘Because you say this word, “The message from the LORD,” and I have sent to you, telling you not to say, “The message from the LORD,”

39therefore behold, I will utterly forget you, and I will cast you off with the city that I gave to you and to your fathers, away from my presence.

40I will bring an everlasting reproach on you, and a perpetual shame, which will not be forgotten.’ ”

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

Jeremiah 23:5

Behold, the days come, says the LORD, that I will raise to David a righteous Branch, and he will reign as king and deal wisely, and will execute justice and righteousness in the land.

This verse is a significant Messianic prophecy regarding a future King from David's line who will rule with perfect justice.

Jeremiah 23:24

Can anyone hide himself in secret places so that I can’t see him? says the LORD. Don’t I fill heaven and earth? says the LORD.

This verse highlights God's omnipresence and the impossibility of hiding human actions from His sight.

Jeremiah 23:29

Isn’t my word like fire? says the LORD; and like a hammer that breaks the rock in pieces?

This metaphor describes the power and transformative nature of God's spoken word compared to the empty words of false prophets.

Chapter Summary

Jeremiah 23 begins with a stern warning against the shepherds, or leaders of Israel, who have scattered God's people. In contrast to these failing leaders, the Lord promises to gather the remnant of His flock and appoint faithful shepherds over them. Central to this chapter is the prophecy of the Righteous Branch, a descendant of David who will execute justice and righteousness in the land. The chapter then shifts focus to condemn the spiritual corruption of the prophets and priests in Jerusalem, who are accused of being profane and leading the people into error through lying dreams and false messages. God emphasizes His omnipresence, stating that no one can hide from Him. He contrasts the empty dreams of false prophets with His own word, which is described as being like fire and a hammer that breaks rock. Finally, the Lord warns against those who pervert His words or mockingly ask for the message of the Lord, stating that such people will face everlasting reproach.

Frequently Asked Questions

The Righteous Branch refers to a future King from the lineage of David whom God promises to raise up to rule with wisdom and justice. This figure is described as one who will save Judah and Israel, and His name will be called 'The LORD our righteousness.'

God condemns the prophets because they spoke lies in His name, prophesied by their own hearts or by Baal, and encouraged people in their wickedness rather than calling them to repentance. They are accused of perverting the words of the living God and misleading the nation.

The text emphasizes that God is both near and far, filling both heaven and earth. It rhetorically asks if anyone can hide in a secret place where God cannot see them, affirming His total awareness of all human actions.

Study Note

The title 'The LORD our righteousness' (Yahweh Tsidqenu) in verse 6 is a linguistic contrast to the name of the reigning King Zedekiah (Tsidqiyahu), whose name meant 'My righteousness is Yahweh' but who failed to govern righteously.

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