Isaiah Chapter 19 — The Prophecy Concerning Egypt

Isaiah 19 describes a period of judgment and internal strife for Egypt, followed by a prophecy of the nation's eventual conversion and healing by the Lord.

JudgmentRestorationDivine SovereigntyInternational Unity

1The burden of Egypt.

2I will stir up the Egyptians against the Egyptians, and they will fight everyone against his brother, and everyone against his neighbor; city against city, and kingdom against kingdom.

3The spirit of the Egyptians will fail within them. I will destroy their counsel. They will seek the idols, the charmers, those who have familiar spirits, and the wizards.

4I will give over the Egyptians into the hand of a cruel lord. A fierce king will rule over them,” says the Lord, GOD*When rendered in ALL CAPITAL LETTERS, “LORD” or “GOD” is the translation of God’s Proper Name (Hebrew “יהוה”, usually pronounced Yahweh). of Armies.

5The waters will fail from the sea, and the river will be wasted and become dry.

6The rivers will become foul. The streams of Egypt will be diminished and dried up. The reeds and flags will wither away.

7The meadows by the Nile, by the brink of the Nile, and all the sown fields of the Nile, will become dry, be driven away, and be no more.

8The fishermen will lament, and all those who fish in the Nile will mourn, and those who spread nets on the waters will languish.

9Moreover those who work in combed flax, and those who weave white cloth, will be confounded.

10The pillars will be broken in pieces. All those who work for hire will be grieved in soul.

11The princes of Zoan are utterly foolish. The counsel of the wisest counselors of Pharaoh has become stupid. How do you say to Pharaoh, “I am the son of the wise, the son of ancient kings”?

12Where then are your wise men? Let them tell you now; and let them know what the LORD of Armies has purposed concerning Egypt.

13The princes of Zoan have become fools. The princes of Memphis are deceived. They have caused Egypt to go astray, those who are the cornerstone of her tribes.

14The LORD has mixed a spirit of perverseness in the middle of her; and they have caused Egypt to go astray in all of its works, like a drunken man staggers in his vomit.

15Neither shall there be any work for Egypt, which head or tail, palm branch or rush, may do.

16In that day the Egyptians will be like women. They will tremble and fear because of the shaking of the LORD of Armies’s hand, which he shakes over them.

17The land of Judah will become a terror to Egypt. Everyone to whom mention is made of it will be afraid, because of the plans of the LORD of Armies, which he determines against it.

18In that day, there will be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak the language of Canaan, and swear to the LORD of Armies. One will be called “The city of destruction.”

19In that day, there will be an altar to the LORD in the middle of the land of Egypt, and a pillar to the LORD at its border.

20It will be for a sign and for a witness to the LORD of Armies in the land of Egypt; for they will cry to the LORD because of oppressors, and he will send them a savior and a defender, and he will deliver them.

21The LORD will be known to Egypt, and the Egyptians will know the LORD in that day. Yes, they will worship with sacrifice and offering, and will vow a vow to the LORD, and will perform it.

22The LORD will strike Egypt, striking and healing. They will return to the LORD, and he will be entreated by them, and will heal them.

23In that day there will be a highway out of Egypt to Assyria, and the Assyrian shall come into Egypt, and the Egyptian into Assyria; and the Egyptians will worship with the Assyrians.

24In that day, Israel will be the third with Egypt and with Assyria, a blessing within the earth;

25because the LORD of Armies has blessed them, saying, “Blessed be Egypt my people, Assyria the work of my hands, and Israel my inheritance.”

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

Isaiah 19:21

The LORD will be known to Egypt, and the Egyptians will know the LORD in that day. Yes, they will worship with sacrifice and offering, and will vow a vow to the LORD, and will perform it.

This verse marks the turning point where Egypt shifts from being an enemy to a nation that actively worships and knows the Lord.

Isaiah 19:25

because the LORD of Armies has blessed them, saying, “Blessed be Egypt my people, Assyria the work of my hands, and Israel my inheritance.”

It is a rare and powerful declaration where God applies the title 'my people' to a Gentile nation historically opposed to Israel.

Chapter Summary

The chapter begins with the 'burden of Egypt,' a prophecy detailing how the Lord will bring judgment upon the land. This judgment includes civil unrest, the failure of political leadership, and the drying up of the Nile River, which devastates the economy and industries like fishing and weaving. The wisdom of Egypt’s advisors is shown to be foolish in the face of God's plans. However, the tone shifts dramatically in the second half of the chapter. It describes a future where Egyptians will turn to the Lord, building an altar in the midst of their land. God promises to send a savior to deliver them when they cry out. Ultimately, the prophecy envisions a miraculous reconciliation where a highway connects Egypt, Assyria, and Israel, and all three are blessed by the Lord as His people.

Frequently Asked Questions

The prophecy states that the waters of the Nile will fail and the riverbed will become dry. This leads to the withering of crops and the mourning of fishermen and textile workers who depend on the river's resources.

The text describes a fierce king and a cruel lord who will rule over the Egyptians as part of their judgment. While the text doesn't name a specific historical figure, it signifies the loss of Egyptian autonomy and the failure of their own counselors.

The highway between Egypt and Assyria represents a path of peace and cooperation between former rivals. It signifies a future where these nations are no longer at war but are united in their worship of the Lord.

Study Note

The inclusion of Egypt and Assyria as 'my people' and 'the work of my hands' represents a significant theological expansion of God's covenant blessings to include Gentile nations.

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