Genesis Chapter 48 — Jacob Blesses Joseph's Sons

Jacob blesses Joseph's two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, adopting them into the tribes of Israel and placing the younger brother above the elder.

BlessingFamily LegacyDivine SovereigntyAdoption

1After these things, someone said to Joseph, “Behold, your father is sick.” He took with him his two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim.

2Someone told Jacob, and said, “Behold, your son Joseph comes to you,” and Israel strengthened himself, and sat on the bed.

3Jacob said to Joseph, “God Almighty appeared to me at Luz in the land of Canaan, and blessed me,

4and said to me, ‘Behold, I will make you fruitful, and multiply you, and I will make of you a company of peoples, and will give this land to your offspring after you for an everlasting possession.’

5Now your two sons, who were born to you in the land of Egypt before I came to you into Egypt, are mine; Ephraim and Manasseh, even as Reuben and Simeon, will be mine.

6Your offspring, whom you become the father of after them, will be yours. They will be called after the name of their brothers in their inheritance.

7As for me, when I came from Paddan, Rachel died beside me in the land of Canaan on the way, when there was still some distance to come to Ephrath, and I buried her there on the way to Ephrath (also called Bethlehem).”

8Israel saw Joseph’s sons, and said, “Who are these?”

9Joseph said to his father, “They are my sons, whom God has given me here.”

10Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he couldn’t see well. Joseph brought them near to him; and he kissed them, and embraced them.

11Israel said to Joseph, “I didn’t think I would see your face, and behold, God has let me see your offspring also.”

12Joseph brought them out from between his knees, and he bowed himself with his face to the earth.

13Joseph took them both, Ephraim in his right hand toward Israel’s left hand, and Manasseh in his left hand toward Israel’s right hand, and brought them near to him.

14Israel stretched out his right hand, and laid it on Ephraim’s head, who was the younger, and his left hand on Manasseh’s head, guiding his hands knowingly, for Manasseh was the firstborn.

15He blessed Joseph, and said,

16the angel who has redeemed me from all evil, bless the lads,

17When Joseph saw that his father laid his right hand on the head of Ephraim, it displeased him. He held up his father’s hand, to remove it from Ephraim’s head to Manasseh’s head.

18Joseph said to his father, “Not so, my father, for this is the firstborn. Put your right hand on his head.”

19His father refused, and said, “I know, my son, I know. He also will become a people, and he also will be great. However, his younger brother will be greater than he, and his offspring will become a multitude of nations.”

20He blessed them that day, saying, “Israel will bless in your name, saying, ‘God make you as Ephraim and as Manasseh’ ” He set Ephraim before Manasseh.

21Israel said to Joseph, “Behold, I am dying, but God will be with you, and bring you again to the land of your fathers.

22Moreover I have given to you one portion above your brothers, which I took out of the hand of the Amorite with my sword and with my bow.”

WEB Translation

Notable Verses

Genesis 48:14

Israel stretched out his right hand, and laid it on Ephraim’s head, who was the younger, and his left hand on Manasseh’s head, guiding his hands knowingly, for Manasseh was the firstborn.

This verse highlights the recurring theme in Genesis where the younger son is chosen for a primary blessing over the elder.

Genesis 48:21

Israel said to Joseph, “Behold, I am dying, but God will be with you, and bring you again to the land of your fathers.”

This verse expresses Jacob's enduring faith in God's promise that his descendants would eventually return to the Promised Land.

Chapter Summary

In Genesis 48, Joseph is informed that his father Jacob is ill, prompting him to bring his two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim, to receive a final blessing. Jacob recounts the moment God Almighty appeared to him at Luz, confirming the covenant of land and fruitfulness for his descendants. In a significant move, Jacob adopts Joseph's Egyptian-born sons as his own, granting them inheritance rights equal to his firstborn sons, Reuben and Simeon. When the time comes for the formal blessing, Jacob intentionally crosses his hands, placing his right hand on the younger brother, Ephraim, and his left on the firstborn, Manasseh. Joseph attempts to correct his father, but Jacob insists that while Manasseh will be great, Ephraim will be even greater. Jacob concludes by promising Joseph that God will bring the family back to the land of their fathers and grants Joseph an extra portion of land taken from the Amorites.

Frequently Asked Questions

Jacob adopted Joseph's sons to ensure Joseph received a double portion of the family inheritance. By making Ephraim and Manasseh full tribes alongside his own sons, Joseph's lineage effectively replaced him as two distinct tribal entities in Israel.

Jacob crossed his hands to place the primary blessing of the right hand on Ephraim, the younger brother. Despite Joseph's protest, Jacob explained that he was acting with divine foresight, as Ephraim's descendants were destined to become a greater multitude than Manasseh's.

Jacob mentions Rachel's death while speaking to Joseph, recalling how she died on the way to Ephrath (Bethlehem) and was buried there. This memory emphasizes the personal history and connection to the land of Canaan that Jacob is passing on.

Study Note

Jacob's adoption of Joseph's sons explains why there are often twelve tribes listed in different configurations throughout the Bible, with Ephraim and Manasseh frequently appearing in place of Joseph.

Continue in the App

Get the full experience — immersive audio, instant explanations, highlights, notes, and reading plans.

We use cookies to understand how you use our site and improve your experience. Privacy Policy