Genesis Chapter 35 — Returning to Bethel and Israel's Legacy
Jacob returns to Bethel to build an altar to God, where he receives a renewed blessing and the name Israel. The chapter also records the birth of Benjamin and the deaths of Rachel and Isaac.
1God said to Jacob, “Arise, go up to Bethel, and live there. Make there an altar to God, who appeared to you when you fled from the face of Esau your brother.”
2Then Jacob said to his household, and to all who were with him, “Put away the foreign gods that are among you, purify yourselves, and change your garments.
3Let’s arise, and go up to Bethel. I will make there an altar to God, who answered me in the day of my distress, and was with me on the way which I went.”
4They gave to Jacob all the foreign gods which were in their hands, and the rings which were in their ears; and Jacob hid them under the oak which was by Shechem.
5They traveled, and a terror of God was on the cities that were around them, and they didn’t pursue the sons of Jacob.
6So Jacob came to Luz (that is, Bethel), which is in the land of Canaan, he and all the people who were with him.
7He built an altar there, and called the place El Beth El; because there God was revealed to him, when he fled from the face of his brother.
8Deborah, Rebekah’s nurse, died, and she was buried below Bethel under the oak; and its name was called Allon Bacuth.
9God appeared to Jacob again, when he came from Paddan Aram, and blessed him.
10God said to him, “Your name is Jacob. Your name shall not be Jacob any more, but your name will be Israel.” He named him Israel.
11God said to him, “I am God Almighty. Be fruitful and multiply. A nation and a company of nations will be from you, and kings will come out of your body.
12The land which I gave to Abraham and Isaac, I will give it to you, and to your offspring after you I will give the land.”
13God went up from him in the place where he spoke with him.
14Jacob set up a pillar in the place where he spoke with him, a pillar of stone. He poured out a drink offering on it, and poured oil on it.
15Jacob called the name of the place where God spoke with him “Bethel”.
16They traveled from Bethel. There was still some distance to come to Ephrath, and Rachel travailed. She had hard labor.
17When she was in hard labor, the midwife said to her, “Don’t be afraid, for now you will have another son.”
18As her soul was departing (for she died), she named him Benoni,*“Benoni” means “son of my trouble”. but his father named him Benjamin.†“Benjamin” means “son of my right hand”.
19Rachel died, and was buried on the way to Ephrath (also called Bethlehem).
20Jacob set up a pillar on her grave. The same is the Pillar of Rachel’s grave to this day.
21Israel traveled, and spread his tent beyond the tower of Eder.
22While Israel lived in that land, Reuben went and lay with Bilhah, his father’s concubine, and Israel heard of it.
23The sons of Leah: Reuben (Jacob’s firstborn), Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.
24The sons of Rachel: Joseph and Benjamin.
25The sons of Bilhah (Rachel’s servant): Dan and Naphtali.
26The sons of Zilpah (Leah’s servant): Gad and Asher. These are the sons of Jacob, who were born to him in Paddan Aram.
27Jacob came to Isaac his father, to Mamre, to Kiriath Arba (which is Hebron), where Abraham and Isaac lived as foreigners.
28The days of Isaac were one hundred eighty years.
29Isaac gave up the spirit and died, and was gathered to his people, old and full of days. Esau and Jacob, his sons, buried him.
WEB Translation
Notable Verses
Genesis 35:10
“God said to him, “Your name is Jacob. Your name shall not be Jacob any more, but your name will be Israel.” He named him Israel.”
This verse marks the formal confirmation of Jacob's new name and identity by God at Bethel.
Genesis 35:11
“God said to him, “I am God Almighty. Be fruitful and multiply. A nation and a company of nations will be from you, and kings will come out of your body.””
This restates the Abrahamic covenant, emphasizing the future royal and national destiny of Jacob's descendants.
Chapter Summary
In Genesis 35, God commands Jacob to return to Bethel and build an altar. Before departing, Jacob instructs his household to remove all foreign gods and purify themselves. Upon arriving at Bethel, God appears to Jacob, confirming his new name, Israel, and reiterating the covenant promise of land and numerous descendants. The narrative then shifts to personal family events: Deborah, Rebekah's nurse, passes away, followed by the tragic death of Rachel while giving birth to Jacob's twelfth son, Benjamin. During their travels, Reuben commits a serious offense against his father's household. The chapter provides a formal list of Jacob's twelve sons, who would become the heads of the tribes of Israel. Finally, Jacob reunites with his father Isaac in Hebron. Isaac dies at the age of 180 and is buried by his sons, Jacob and Esau, marking the end of an era for the patriarchs.
Frequently Asked Questions
Before returning to Bethel to worship God, Jacob required his household to undergo a spiritual purification. This involved removing idols collected from their time in Haran or the recent events in Shechem to ensure they were fully devoted to the God of the covenant.
Rachel was buried on the way to Ephrath, which is also known as Bethlehem. Jacob marked her grave with a pillar to commemorate her life and her death during the birth of Benjamin.
The sons of Leah were Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun. Rachel’s sons were Joseph and Benjamin. The sons of the servants Bilhah and Zilpah were Dan, Naphtali, Gad, and Asher.
Study Note
The name 'Allon Bacuth' given to the burial place of Deborah literally translates to 'Oak of Weeping,' reflecting the household's mourning.
Related Chapters
Jacob's First Dream at Bethel
This chapter records Jacob's first encounter with God at Bethel when he was fleeing from Esau.
Jacob Named Israel
This earlier chapter describes the initial instance where Jacob's name was changed during his wrestling match with God.
Rachel's Weeping in Bethlehem
The New Testament references Rachel's burial place near Bethlehem in the context of the birth of Jesus.
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